Quantitative trait loci mapping in maize for resistance to larger grain borer

Abstract

Storability of maize grain is constrained by the larger grain borer (LGB) (Prostephanus truncatus). Host plant resistance is the most feasible way to manage LGB among smallholder farmers. Breeding for resistance to this pest in maize is dependent on understanding genetic mechanisms underlying the resistance. The objective of this study was to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with LGB resistance in tropical maize. A mapping population of 203 F2:3 derived progenies was developed from a cross between susceptible and resistant inbred lines. The F2:3 progenies were crossed to a tester and testcrosses evaluated across six environments followed by screening for resistance to LGB. Data was collected on husk cover tip length, and grain texture in the field. Biochemical traits were analyzed on the maize grain. Harvested grain was evaluated for resistance and data recorded on grain damage, weight loss and number of insects. Grain hardness was measured as a putative trait of resistance. Univariate analysis of variance for all the traits was done using the general linear model of statistical analysis system. Genetic mapping was done using Joinmap 4, while QTL analysis was done using PLABQTL. The QTL for resistance were mapped to 6 out of the 10 chromosomes. QTL for resistance traits were located in chromosomes 1, 5 and 9. Chromosome 1 had a common QTL linked to protein content, grain hardness and husk cover tip length. Additive genetic effects were prevalent in all detected QTL. Overall, the studies show that breeding for resistance to LGB is possible.