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We calculated a simple indicator of food availability using data from 93 sites in 17 countries across contrasted agro-ecologies in sub-Saharan Africa (13000+ farm households) and analysed the drivers of variations in food availability. Crop production was the major source of energy, contributing 60% of food availability. The off-farm income contribution to food availability ranged from 12% for households without enough food available (18% of the total sample) to 27% for the 58% of households with sufficient food available. Using only three explanatory variables (household size, number of livestock and land area) we were able to predict correctly the agricultural determined status of food availability for 72% of the households, but the relationships were strongly influenced by the degree of market access. Our analyses suggest that targeting poverty through improving market access and offfarm opportunities is a better strategy to increase food security than focusing on agricultural production and closing yield gaps. This calls for multi-sectoral policy harmonisation and incentives and diversification of employment sources rather than a singular focus on agricultural development. Recognising and understanding diversity among smallholder farm households in sub-Saharan Africa is key for the design of policies that aim to improve food security.
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Journal
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Journal volume
113
Journal issue
2
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Washington, DC (USA)
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National Academy of Sciences