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Genetic gain estimation in a breeding program provides an opportunity to monitor breeding efficiency and genetic progress over a specific period. The present study was conducted to (i) assess the genetic gains in grain yield of the early maturing maize hybrids developed by the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) Southern African breeding program during the period 2000–2018 and (ii) identify key agronomic traits contributing to the yield gains under various management conditions. Seventy-two early maturing hybrids developed by CIMMYT and three commercial checks were assessed under stress and non-stress conditions across 68 environments in seven eastern and southern African countries through the regional on-station trials. Genetic gain was estimated as the slope of the regression of grain yield and other traits against the year of first testing of the hybrid in the regional trial. The results showed highly significant (p< 0.01) annual grain yield gains of 118, 63, 46, and 61 kg ha−1 year−1 under optimum, low N, managed drought, and random stress conditions, respectively. The gains in grain yield realized in this study under both stress and non-stress conditions were associated with improvements in certain agronomic traits and resistance to major maize diseases. The findings of this study clearly demonstrate the significant progress made in developing productive and multiple stress-tolerant maize hybrids together with other desirable agronomic attributes in CIMMYT’s hybrid breeding program.
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Journal
Frontiers in Plant Science
Journal volume
14
Journal issue
Article number
1321308
Place of Publication
Switzerland
Publisher
Frontiers Media S.A.
Related Datasets

CGIAR Initiatives

Initiative
Accelerated Breeding
Impact Area
Climate adaptation & mitigation
Action Area
Genetic Innovation
Donor or Funder
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF)
United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
Foundation for Food & Agriculture Research (FFAR)