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He Zhonghu

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He Zhonghu
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He Zhonghu

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 11
  • Distribution of Allelic variation for vernalization, photoperiod, and dwarfing genes and their effects on growth period and plant height among cultivars from major wheat producing countries
    (Science Press, 2012) Yang Fang-Ping; Xianchun Xia; Yong Zhang; Zhang Xiao-Ke; Jianjun Liu; Tang Jian-Wei; Yang Xue-Ming; Zhang Jun-Ru; Liu Qian; Shizhao Li; He Zhonghu
    Publication
  • QTL mapping for Kernel yellow pigment content in common wheat
    (Institute of Crop Sciences, 2006) Zhang Li-Ping; Yan Jun; Xianchun Xia; He Zhonghu; Sutherland, M.W.
    Publication
  • Rht8 dwarf gene distribution in chinese wheats identified by microsatellite marker
    (Institute of Crop Sciences, 2003) Zhou, Y.; He Zhonghu; Zhang, G.S.; Xia, L.Q.; Xinmin Chen; Zhang, L.P.; Feng Chen
    Publication
  • Genome-wide linkage mapping of QTL for yield components, plant height and yield-related physiological traits in the chinese wheat cross Zhou 8425B/Chinese spring
    (Frontiers, 2015) Fengmei Gao; Weie Wen; Liu, J.J.; Rasheed, A.; Guihong Yin; Xianchun Xia; Wu, X.; He Zhonghu
    Identification of genes for yield components, plant height (PH), and yield-related physiological traits and tightly linked molecular markers is of great importance in marker-assisted selection (MAS) in wheat breeding. In the present study, 246 F8 RILs derived from the cross of Zhou 8425B/Chinese Spring were genotyped using the high-density Illumina iSelect 90K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) assay. Field trials were conducted at Zhengzhou and Zhoukou of Henan Province, during the 2012–2013 and 2013–2014 cropping season under irrigated conditions, providing data for four environments. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of agronomic and physiological traits revealed significant differences (P < 0.01) among RILs, environments, and RILs × environments interactions. Broad-sense heritabilities of all traits including thousand kernel weight (TKW), PH, spike length (SL), kernel number per spike (KNS), spike number/m2 (SN), normalized difference in vegetation index at anthesis (NDVI-A) and at 10 days post-anthesis (NDVI-10), SPAD value of chlorophyll content at anthesis (Chl-A) and at 10 days post-anthesis (Chl-10) ranged between 0.65 and 0.94. A linkage map spanning 3609.4 cM was constructed using 5636 polymorphic SNP markers, with an average chromosome length of 171.9 cM and marker density of 0.64 cM/marker. A total of 866 SNP markers were newly mapped to the hexaploid wheat linkage map. Eighty-six QTL for yield components, PH, and yield-related physiological traits were detected on 18 chromosomes except 1D, 5D, and 6D, explaining 2.3–33.2% of the phenotypic variance. Ten stable QTL were identified across four environments, viz. QTKW.caas-6A.1, QTKW.caas-7AL, QKNS.caas-4AL, QSN.caas-1AL.1, QPH.caas-4BS.2, QPH.caas-4DS.1, QSL.caas-4AS, QSL.caas-4AL.1, QChl-A.caas-5AL, and QChl-10.caas-5BL. Meanwhile, 10 QTL-rich regions were found on chromosome 1BS, 2AL (2), 3AL, 4AL (2), 4BS, 4DS, 5BL, and 7AL exhibiting pleiotropic effects. These QTL or QTL clusters are tightly linked to SNP markers, with genetic distances to the closest SNPs ranging from 0 to 1.5 cM, and could serve as target regions for fine mapping, candidate gene discovery, and MAS in wheat breeding.
    Publication
  • Fine mapping of leaf rust resistance gene Lrzh84 using expressed sequence tag and sequence-tagged site markers, and allelism with other genes on wheat chromosome 1b
    (American Phytopathological Society (APS), 2013) Yue Zhou; Xianchun Xia; He Zhonghu; Xing Li; Zaifeng Li; Daqun Liu
    Zhou 8425B, possessing the leaf rust resistance gene LrZH84, is an elite wheat (Triticum aestivum) parental line in the Yellow-Huai Valley region of China. In the present study, 2,086 F2 plants derived from Zhou 8425B/Chinese Spring were used for fine mapping of LrZH84 with expressed sequence tag (EST) and sequence-tagged site (STS) markers. Seventy inter-simple sequence repeat EST and STS markers on 1BL were used to screen the two parents and resistant and susceptible bulks; those polymorphic were used to analyze the entire F2 population. Three EST markers (BF474863, BE497107, and CD373538) were closely linked to LrZH84, with genetic distances of 0.7, 0.7, and 1.7 cM, respectively. STS marker Hbsf-1 was developed from the sequences of polymerase chain reaction fragments amplified from EST marker BF474863. LrZH84 was 8.19 cM proximal to Lr44, but may be allelic to LrXi and LrG98 although they showed different reactions with some Puccinia triticina pathotypes.
    Publication
  • Progress of wheat breeding in China and the future perspective
    (Institute of Crop Sciences, 2011) He Zhonghu; Xianchun Xia; Xinmin Chen; Zhuang Qiao-Sheng
    During the last ten years, Chinese wheat breeding has mainly made progresses in three aspects, i.e., (1) two sets of cultivars with high yielding potential, improved quality, and multi-resistance to various diseases were developed and extended, (2) three elite parents, viz. Zhou 8425B, Lumai 14, and 6VS/6AL translocation line played a leading role in cultivar development; and (3) a significant progress has been achieved in breeding methodology and applied research. Main constrains on wheat breeding were also summarized. The development and utilization of molecular markers such as SSR marker and functional maker, was reviewed from breeding point of view, and the priority areas for the next five to ten years were proposed. It summarized the progress of wheat quality study which is closely associated with cultivar development, including laboratory evaluation methods and selection criteria for pan bread, cookie, Chinese noodles and steamed bread. China?s strategies for wheat breeding were analyzed in four areas: (1) a draft points on improving Chinese wheat yield potential; (2) utilization of durable resistance for cultivar development; (3) more efforts on water use efficiency, tolerance to high temperature and traits associated with broad adaptation due to the serious impact of climate change; and (4) increased investment in breeding and seed marketing from private sector.
    Publication
  • Distribution of allelic variation for genes of vernalization and photoperiod among wheat cultivars from 23 countries
    (Institute of Crop Sciences, 2011) Yang Fang-Ping; Han Li-Ming; Yan Jun; Xianchun Xia; Yong Zhang; Yanying Qu; Wang Zhong-Wei; He Zhonghu
    Molecular markers for vernalization genes Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Vrn-D1 and Vrn-B3 and photoperiod gene Ppd-D1 were used to detect the presence of these genes among 755 cultivars from 23 countries. Days to heading and physiological maturity of these cultivars were also recorded in Anyang, Henan province, China to provide information for their utilization in Chinese wheat breeding program. Frequencies of Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Vrn-D1, and vrn-A1+vrn-B1+vrn-D1 were 13.0%, 21.1%, 15.6%, and 64.2%, respectively. Dominant allele Vrn-B3 was absent in all tested materials. Dominant vernalization alleles Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, and Vrn-D1 were mainly observed in Chinese spring wheat and middle and upper Yangtze Valley winter wheat regions, Italy, India, Japan, Canada, Mexico, Chile, Argentina, and Australia with spring type, while cultivars carryied all recessive alleles at the four vernalization loci. The gene recombination of vrn-A1, vrn-D1, and Vrn-B1 was found in winter wheat regions of northern China, middle and southern US, Germany, France, Norway, Ukraine, Russia, Turkey, Iran, Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania, and Serbia, where the wheat growth habit is winter type. The frequency of Ppd-D1a was 55.2%, and photoperiod sensitive allele Ppd-D1b was mainly observed in cultivars from higher latitude regions of US, Germany, Norway, Hungary, northeastern China, Canada, Chile, and Argentina; while photoperiod insensitive allele Ppd-D1a was observed in the other wheat-growing regions. Most of cultivars with photoperiod insensitive allele Ppd-D1a could complete physiological maturity in Anyang, whereas cultivars from Germany, Norway, Hungary, northwestern US, northeast China, Chile and Argentina could not mature well. In Anyang, flowering time was not speeded up by the presence of dominant vernalization allele Vrn-A1a, cultivars with Vrn-B1 and Vrn-D1 could head normally due to the completion of vernalization requirement during winter season.
    Publication
  • Molecular mapping of powdery mildew resistance gene in wheat cultivar Jimai 22
    (Institute of Crop Sciences, 2009) Guihong Yin; Genying Li; He Zhonghu; Jianjun Liu; Wang Hui; Xianchun Xia
    Wheat powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most important diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide. Breeding resistant wheat cultivars is the most economical and effective approach to control the disease. Jimai 22, a newly released wheat cultivar with high yield, broad adaptability, and good quality, is related to broad-sprectrum resistance to the isolates of B. graminis f. sp. tritici at both seedling and adult plant stages. To map the resistance gene of Jimai 22 on wheat chromosome, we used a highly virulent isolate E20 to screen the F2 plants and F2:3 lines derived from the cross of Jimai 22/Chinese Spring. Genetic analysis indicated that Jimai 22 carried a single dominant genefor resistance to powdery mildew, designated PmJM22 tentatively. Using bulked segregant analysis (BSA) with SSR and STS markers, PmJM22 was located to chromosome 2BL. Linkage analysis indicated that the resistance gene was linked to four SSR and five EST markers, with genetic distances from 7.7 (Xwmc149) to 31.3 cM (Xbarc101).Based on the origins, chromosome locations, and reaction patterns, PmJM22 is different from all the known powdery mildew resistance genes Pm6, Pm26, Pm33, and Mlzec1 on chromosome 2BL.
    Publication
  • Utilization of 1BL/1RS translocation in wheat breeding in China
    (Institute of Crop Sciences, 2004) Zhou Yang; He Zhonghu; Zhang, G.S.; Xia, L.Q.; Xinmin Chen; Gao, Y.C.; Jing, Z.B.; Yu, G.J.
    In total , 179 predominant cultivars in recent 30 years and new breeder’s lines from main ecological zones of China were examined by SDS2PAGE and SCAR for the presence of 1BL/ 1RS. On average , 38 % of Chinese wheats released since 1980 contained 1BL/ 1RS , however , its frequency differed in different ecological zones , which was 59 % for Northern Winter Wheat Zone , 42 % for Yellow2Huai River Valley Winter Wheat Zone and 20 % for both Middle and Low Valley of Yangtze River Winter Wheat Zone and Southwest Winter Wheat Zone. No 1BL/ 1RS cultivars were found in Northeast Spring Wheat Zone. The cultivars with high dough elasticity were generally not 1BL/ 1RS translocations. High molecular weight glutenin subunits ( HMW2GS) may have some complementary effects on the quality defects caused by 1BL/ 1RS. From breeding point of view , 1BL/ 1RS parents are generally not recommended in breeding for medium to high dough elas2 ticity , or one of the parents at least should not be 1BL/ 1RS. Good combination of HMW2GS sho ld be presented when 1BL/ RS parent is used. The quality defects of 1BL/ 1RS should also be considered in soft wheat breeding.
    Publication
  • Characterization of Xinjiang local and intoduced wheat germplasm for high molecular weight glutenin subunits and quality-related genes with molecular markers
    (Institute of Crop Sciences, 2009) Lu Jing; He Zhonghu; Xianchun Xia; Wu Xin-Yuan; Li Dong; Cao Jun-Mei
    High molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS), 1B·1R translocation, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities, and yellow pigment content are mostly correlated with the processing quality of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). An accurate and fast characterization of these genes is of great importance in the improvement of wheat quality. In this study, a total of 321 wheat genotypes, including 100 Xinjiang local wheat cultivars, 130 introductions from other provinces of China and 91 introductions from other countries, were analyzed by SDS-PAGE method. In addition, the functional markers of Dx5, Bx7, By8, By9,1B·1R, PPO16, PPO18, PPO29, and YP7A were used to detect their allelic variations. Twenty-one subunit combinations were found according to the SDS-PAGE data, 3 types at Glu-A1 locus with Null as a major subunit, 10 types at Glu-B1 locus with Bx7+By8 and Bx7+By9 as major subunits, and 8 types at Glu-D1 locus with Dx2+Dy12 and Dx5+Dy10 as major subunits. The frequencies of the Dx5, Bx7, By8, and Bx9 subunits revealed by functional markers were 38.3%, 85.7%, 38.9%, and 42.7%, respectively, with 97.2%, 98.4%, 93.4%, and 97.2% of consistency with SDS-PAGE results, respectively. Eighty-six genotypes had 1B·1R translocations, with 22.0% in Xinjiang local cultivars, 31.5% in the introductions from other provinces of China, and 25.0% in those from other countries, respectively. The frequencies of Psy-A1b detected by YP7A marker were 9.0%, 10.8%, and 5.4% among three group genotypes, respectively. The PPO18 marker for the Ppo-A1 locus yielded Ppo-A1b allele with frequencies of 38.0%, 43.8%, and 45.7% among three group genotypes, respectively. The Ppo-D1a allele frequencies were 48.0%, 66.9%, and 40.2% among three group genotypes, respectively, according to the PPO16 and PPO29 markers at Ppo-D1 locus. However, only 74 genotypes contained Ppo-A1b and Ppo-D1a alleles at both loci, accounting for 23.0% of the genotypes. The functional markers applied in this study were repeatable, accurate and stable, and can be effectively used in wheat quality breeding.
    Publication