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Bjornstad, A.

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Bjornstad
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Bjornstad, A.

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2004 - 200912010 - 20203
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    Variation in anther extrusion and its impact on fusarium head blight and deoxynivalenol content in oat (Avena sativa L.)
    (MDPI, 2020) Selamawit Tekle; Schofer, S.S.; Xinyao He; Yanhong Dong; Bjornstad, A.
    Publication
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    Resistance to barley scald (Rhynchosporium secalis)in the ethiopian donor lines 'Steudelli' and 'Jet', analyzed by partial least squares regression and interval mapping
    (Mendelian Society of Lund, 2004) Bjornstad, A.; Gronnerod, S.; Key, J.M.; Tekauz, A.; Crossa, J.; Martens, H.
    Publication
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    QTL characterization of fusarium head blight resistance in CIMMYT bread wheat line soru#1
    (Public Library of Science, 2016) Xinyao He; Lillemo, M.; JianRong Shi; Jirong Wu; Bjornstad, A.; Belova, T.; Dreisigacker, S.; Duveiller, E.; Singh, P.K.
    Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistant line Soru#1 was hybridized with the German cultivar Naxos to generate 131 recombinant inbred lines for QTL mapping. The population was phenotyped for FHB and associated traits in spray inoculated experiments in El Batán (Mexico), spawn inoculated experiments in Ås (Norway) and point inoculated experiments in Nanjing (China), with two field trials at each location. Genotyping was performed with the Illumina iSelect 90K SNP wheat chip, along with a few SSR and STS markers. A major QTL for FHB after spray and spawn inoculation was detected on 2DLc, explaining 15–22% of the phenotypic variation in different experiments. This QTL remained significant after correction for days to heading (DH) and plant height (PH), while another QTL for FHB detected at the Vrn-A1 locus on 5AL almost disappeared after correction for DH and PH. Minor QTL were detected on chromosomes 2AS, 2DL, 4AL, 4DS and 5DL. In point inoculated experiments, QTL on 2DS, 3AS, 4AL and 5AL were identified in single environments. The mechanism of resistance of Soru#1 to FHB was mainly of Type I for resistance to initial infection, conditioned by the major QTL on 2DLc and minor ones that often coincided with QTL for DH, PH and anther extrusion (AE). This indicates that phenological and morphological traits and flowering biology play important roles in resistance/escape of FHB. SNPs tightly linked to resistance QTL, particularly 2DLc, could be utilized in breeding programs to facilitate the transfer and selection of those QTL.
    Publication
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    The genetic dissection of quantitative traits in crops
    (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, 2010) Semagn, K.; Bjornstad, A.; Yunbi Xu
    Most traits of interest in plant breeding show quantitative inheritance, which complicate the breeding process since phenotypic performances only partially reflects the genetic values of individuals. The genetic variation of a quantitative trait is assumed to be controlled by the collective effects of quantitative trait loci (QTLs), epistasis (interaction between QTLs), the environment, and interaction between QTL and environment. Exploiting molecular markers in breeding involve finding a subset of markers associated with one or more QTLs that regulate the expression of complex traits. Many QTL mapping studies conducted in the last two decades identified QTLs that generally explained a significant proportion of the phenotypic variance, and therefore, gave rise to an optimistic assessment of the prospects of markers assisted selection. Linkage analysis and association mapping are the two most commonly used methods for QTL mapping. This review provides an overview of the two QTL mapping methods, including mapping population type and size, phenotypic evaluation of the population, molecular profiling of either the entire or a subset of the population, marker-trait association analysis using different statistical methods and software as well as the future prospects of using markers in crop improvement.
    Publication