Person: Singh, J.
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Singh
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Singh, J.
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- Integration of novel SSR and gene-based SNP marker loci in the chickpea genetic map and establishment of new anchor points with Medicago truncatula genome(Springer Verlag, 2010) Nayak, S.N.; Zhu, H.; Varghese, N.; Datta, S.; Choi, H.K.; Horres, R.; Jüngling, R.; Singh, J.; Kavikishor, P.B.; Sivaramakrishnan, S.; Hoisington, D.A.; Kahl, G.; Winter, P.; Cook, D.; Varshney, R.K.
Publication - Yield and yield attributes as affected by different sowing dates and different maturity classes cultivar on direct seeded rice(Chemical Science Review and Letters, 2017) Dahiya, S.; Punia, S.S.; Singh, J.; Kakraliya Suresh Kumar; Singh, B.; Jat, H.S.; Malik, R.
Publication - Novel structural and functional motifs in cellulose synthase (CesA) genes of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum, L.)(Public Library of Science, 2016) Kaur, S.; Dhugga, K.; Gill, K.S.; Singh, J.Cellulose is the primary determinant of mechanical strength in plant tissues. Late-season lodging is inversely related to the amount of cellulose in a unit length of the stem. Wheat is the most widely grown of all the crops globally, yet information on its CesA gene family is limited. We have identified 22 CesA genes from bread wheat, which include homoeologs from each of the three genomes, and named them as TaCesAXA, TaCesAXB or TaCesAXD, where X denotes the gene number and the last suffix stands for the respective genome. Sequence analyses of the CESA proteins from wheat and their orthologs from barley, maize, rice, and several dicot species (Arabidopsis, beet, cotton, poplar, potato, rose gum and soybean) revealed motifs unique to monocots (Poales) or dicots. Novel structural motifs CQIC and SVICEXWFA were identified, which distinguished the CESAs involved in the formation of primary and secondary cell wall (PCW and SCW) in all the species. We also identified several new motifs specific to monocots or dicots. The conserved motifs identified in this study possibly play functional roles specific to PCW or SCW formation. The new insights from this study advance our knowledge about the structure, function and evolution of the CesA family in plants in general and wheat in particular. This information will be useful in improving culm strength to reduce lodging or alter wall composition to improve biofuel production.
Publication - Genome-Wide Association study reveals novel genes associated with culm cellulose content in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum, L.)(Frontiers, 2017) Kaur, S.; Xu Zhang; Mohan, A.; Dong, H.; Vikram, P.; Singh, S.; Zhiwu Zhang; Gill, K.S.; Dhugga, K.; Singh, J.Plant cell wall formation is a complex, coordinated and developmentally regulated process. Cellulose is the most dominant constituent of plant cell walls. Because of its paracrystalline structure, cellulose is the main determinant of mechanical strength of plant tissues. As the most abundant polysaccharide on earth, it is also the focus of cellulosic biofuel industry. To reduce culm lodging in wheat and for improved ethanol production, delineation of the variation for stem cellulose content could prove useful. We present results on the analysis of the stem cellulose content of 288 diverse wheat accessions and its genome-wide association study (GWAS). Cellulose concentration ranged from 35 to 52% (w/w). Cellulose content was normally distributed in the accessions around a mean and median of 45% (w/w). Genome-wide marker-trait association study using 21,073 SNPs helped identify nine SNPs that were associated (p < 1E-05) with cellulose content. Four strongly associated (p < 8.17E-05) SNP markers were linked to wheat unigenes, which included β-tubulin, Auxin-induced protein 5NG4, and a putative transmembrane protein of unknown function. These genes may be directly or indirectly involved in the formation of cellulose in wheat culms. GWAS results from this study have the potential for genetic manipulation of cellulose content in bread wheat and other small grain cereals to enhance culm strength and improve biofuel production.
Publication - Crop-Livestock Interactions and livelihoods in the indo-gangetic plains, India: a regional synthesis(CIMMYT, 2007) Erenstein, O.; Thorpe, W.; Singh, J.; Varma, A.The research and development community faces the challenge of sustaining crop productivity gains, improving rural livelihoods, and securing environmental sustainability in the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP). This calls for a better understanding of farming systems and of rural livelihoods, particularly with the advent of, and strong advocacy for, conservation farming and resource-conserving technologies. This report presents a regional synthesis of four scoping studies to assess crop livestock interactions and rural livelihoods in each of the four subregions of the Indian IGP: the TransGangetic Plains (TGP: Punjab and Haryana), the Gangetic Plains of Uttar Pradesh (UP), Bihar, and West Bengal. The scoping studies draw from village surveys in three districts per subregion and from secondary data. The IGP can be divided broadly into eastern and western subregions. The eastern subregion (Eastern UP, Bihar, West Bengal) has problems of poor water control and flooding; rain-fed (monsoonal/kharif) lowland rice is the traditional cereal staple and the mainstay of food security. It was only in recent decades that wheat and other cool-season crops were introduced on a large scale in Eastern India, north of the Tropic of Cancer. In contrast, the western subregion (TGP, Western Uttar Pradesh) is mainly semiarid and would be water-scarce if not for its irrigation infrastructure of canals and groundwater tube wells. In the western plains, winter/rabi wheat has traditionally been, and continues to be, the mainstay of food security. In recent decades, there has been a major increase in the area of rice grown in the monsoonal/kharif season. Another important contrast is that whereas in the Eastern IGP cattle are the predominant livestock, in the Western IGP buffalo dominate. In broad terms therefore, the Eastern IGP is characterized by rural livelihoods based on rice-cattle farming systems, while rural livelihoods in the Western IGP are based on wheat buffalo farming systems. Therefore, although the IGP is a contiguous plain area, there are significant gradients and variations between subregions. The sheer size of the IGP also implies that each subregion assumes national prominence: the TGP is India’s granary; UP is India’s most populous state; Bihar is one of India’s poorest states and West Bengal is India’s most densely populated state.
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