Person: Verhulst, N.
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Verhulst
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Verhulst, N.
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- Rotational complexity increases cropping system output under poorer growing conditions(Elsevier Inc., 2024) Bybee‐Finley, K.A.; Muller, K.; White, K.E.; Cavigelli, M.A.; Eunjin Han; Schomberg, H.H.; Snapp, S.S.; Viens, F.; Correndo, A.A.; Deiss, L.; Fonteyne, S.; Garcia y Garcia, A.; Gaudin, A.C.M.; Hooker, D.C.; Janovicek, K.; Jin, V.; Johnson, G.A.; Karsten, H.; Liebman, M.; McDaniel, M.D.; Sanford, G.R.; Schmer, M.R.; Strock, J.S.; Sykes, V.R.; Verhulst, N.; Wilke, B.; Bowles, T.M.
Publication - Evaluation of aggregate stability methods for soil health(Elsevier, 2022) Rieke, E.L.; Bagnall, D.K.; Morgan, C.L.S.; Flynn, K.D.; Howe, J.A.; Greub, K.L.H.; Mac Bean, G.; Cappellazzi, S.B.; Cope, M.; Liptzin, D.; Norris, C.E.; Tracy, P.W.; Aberle, E.; Ashworth, A.; Bañuelos, O.; Bary, A.I.; Baumhardt, R.L.; Borbón Gracia, A.; Brainard, D.C.; Brennan, J.R.; Briones Reyes, D.; Bruhjell, D.; Carlyle, C.N.; Crawford, J.J.W.; Creech, C.F.; Culman, S.; Deen, B.; Dell, C.J.; Derner, J.D.; Ducey, T.F.; Duiker, S.W.; Dyck, M.F.; Ellert, B.; Entz, M.; Espinosa Solorio, A.; Fonte, S.; Fonteyne, S.; Fortuna, A.M.; Foster, J.L.; Fultz, L.M.; Gamble, A.V.; Geddes, C.M.; Griffin-LaHue, D.; Grove, J.H.; Hamilton, S.K.; Xiying Hao; Hayden, Z.D.; Honsdorf, N.; Ippolito, J.A.; Johnson, G.A.; Kautz, M.A.; Kitchen, N.R.; Sandeep Kumar; Kurtz, K.; Larney, F.J.; Lewis, K.L.; Liebman, M.; López Ramírez, A.; Machado, S.; Maharjan, B.; Martinez Gamiño, M.A.; May, W.E.; McClaran, M.P.; McDaniel, M.D.; Millar, N.; Mitchell, J.P.; Moore, A.D.; Moore Jr., P.A.; Mora Gutiérrez, M.; Nelson, K.A.; Omondi, E.C.; Osborne, S.L.; Osorio Alcalá, L.; Owens, P.; Pena-Yewtukhiw, E.M.; Poffenbarger, H.J.; Ponce Lira, B.; Reeve, J.R.; Reinbott, T.M.; Reiter, M.S.; Ritchey, E.L.; Roozeboom, K.L.; Yichao Rui; Sadeghpour, A.; Sainju, U.M.; Sanford, G.R.; Schillinger, W.F.; Schindelbeck, R.R.; Schipanski, M.; Schlegel, A.; Scow, K.M.; Sherrod, L.A.; Shober, A.L.; Sidhu, S.S.; Solís Moya, E.; St. Luce, M.; Strock, J.S.; Suyker, A.E.; Sykes, V.R.; Haiying Tao; Trujillo Campos, A.; Van Eerd, L.L.; Van Es, H.M.; Verhulst, N.; Vyn, T.J.; Yutao Wang; Watts, D.B.; Wright, D.L.; Tiequan Zhang; Honeycutt, C.W.
Publication - An evaluation of carbon indicators of soil health in long-term agricultural experiments(Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Liptzin, D.; Norris, C.E.; Cappellazzi, S.B.; Mac Bean, G.; Cope, M.; Greub, K.L.H.; Rieke, E.L.; Tracy, P.W.; Aberle, E.; Ashworth, A.; Bañuelos, O.; Bary, A.I.; Baumhardt, R.L.; Borbón Gracia, A.; Brainard, D.C.; Brennan, J.R.; Briones Reyes, D.; Bruhjell, D.; Carlyle, C.N.; Crawford, J.J.W.; Creech, C.F.; Culman, S.; Deen, B.; Dell, C.J.; Derner, J.D.; Ducey, T.F.; Duiker, S.W.; Dyck, M.F.; Ellert, B.; Entz, M.; Espinosa Solorio, A.; Fonte, S.; Fonteyne, S.; Fortuna, A.M.; Foster, J.L.; Fultz, L.M.; Gamble, A.V.; Geddes, C.M.; Griffin-LaHue, D.; Grove, J.H.; Hamilton, S.K.; Xiying Hao; Hayden, Z.D.; Honsdorf, N.; Howe, J.A.; Ippolito, J.A.; Johnson, G.A.; Kautz, M.A.; Kitchen, N.R.; Sandeep Kumar; Kurtz, K.; Larney, F.J.; Lewis, K.L.; Liebman, M.; López Ramírez, A.; Machado, S.; Maharjan, B.; Martinez Gamiño, M.A.; May, W.E.; McClaran, M.P.; McDaniel, M.D.; Millar, N.; Mitchell, J.P.; Moore, A.D.; Moore Jr., P.A.; Mora Gutiérrez, M.; Nelson, K.A.; Omondi, E.C.; Osborne, S.L.; Osorio Alcalá, L.; Owens, P.; Pena-Yewtukhiw, E.M.; Poffenbarger, H.J.; Ponce Lira, B.; Reeve, J.R.; Reinbott, T.M.; Reiter, M.S.; Ritchey, E.L.; Roozeboom, K.L.; Yichao Rui; Sadeghpour, A.; Sainju, U.M.; Sanford, G.R.; Schillinger, W.F.; Schindelbeck, R.R.; Schipanski, M.; Schlegel, A.; Scow, K.M.; Sherrod, L.A.; Shober, A.L.; Sidhu, S.S.; Solís Moya, E.; St. Luce, M.; Strock, J.S.; Suyker, A.E.; Sykes, V.R.; Haiying Tao; Trujillo Campos, A.; Van Eerd, L.L.; Van Es, H.M.; Verhulst, N.; Vyn, T.J.; Yutao Wang; Watts, D.B.; Wright, D.L.; Tiequan Zhang; Morgan, C.L.S.; Honeycutt, C.W.
Publication - Innovating traditional production systems through on-farm conservation agriculture and agroforestry research(Frontiers, 2022) Fonteyne, S.; Silva Avendaño, C.; Ramos Sanchez, A.; Torres, J.; Garcia, F.; Pérez Martínez, Z.; García Dávila, A.; Castillo Villaseñor, L.; Verhulst, N.
Publication - Effects of conservation agriculture on physicochemical soil health in 20 maize‐based trials in different agro‐ecological regions across Mexico(Wiley, 2021) Fonteyne, S.; Burgueño, J.; Albarran Contreras, B.A.; Andrio-Enríquez, E.; Castillo Villaseñor, L.; Enyanche, F.; Escobedo Cruz, H.; Espidio Balbuena, J.; Espinosa Solorio, A.; Garcia Meza, P.; González Galindo, F.; González Regalado, J.; Govaerts, B.; López Durante, D.; López Ramírez, A.; Martinez Gamiño, M.A.; Martínez Hernández, F.; Mora Gutiérrez, M.; Nieves Navarro, A.I.; Noriega, L.; Nuñez, O.; Osorio Alcalá, L.; Piedra Constantino, R. de la; Ponce Lira, B.; Rivas Jacobo, I.C.; Saldivia Tejeda, A.; Tapia Moo, C.A.; Tapia Naranjo, A.; Uribe Guerrero, M.A.; Vilchis Ramos, R.; Villa Alcántara, J.; Verhulst, N.
Publication - Changes in the bacterial community structure in soil under conventional and conservation practices throughout a complete maize (Zea mays L.) crop cycle(Elsevier, 2021) Romero-Salas, E.A.; Navarro-Noya, Y.; Luna-Guido, M.; Verhulst, N.; Crossa, J.; Govaerts, B.; Dendooven, L.
Publication - Conservation agriculture, improving soil quality for sustainable production systems?(CIMMYT, 2012) Verhulst, N.; Francois, I.; Govaerts, B.Human efforts to produce ever-greater amounts of food leave their mark on the environment. Persistent use of conventional farming practices based on extensive tillage, especially when combined with removal or in situ burning of crop residue, has magnified soil erosion losses and the soil resource base has been steadily degraded. It has been estimated that human activity is responsible for the loss of 26 billion tons of topsoil per year, which is 2.6 times the natural rate of soil degradation. Erosion has been estimated to cause USD $44 billion a year in damage to farmland, waterways, infrastructure, and health. Crop yields in the US would drop 8% per year if farmers failed to replace lost nutrients and water (Pimentel et al., 1995). Another direct consequence of farmers’ persistent use of traditional production practices is rapidly increasing production costs; the costs of inputs such as improved varieties and fertilizers continue to increase and farmers make inefficient use of them.
Publication - Weed dynamics and conservation agriculture principles: a review(Elsevier, 2015) Nichols, V.; Verhulst, N.; Cox, R.; Govaerts, B.Conservation agriculture (CA) is based on minimum soil disturbance, permanent soil cover, and crop rotation; it is promoted as a sustainable alternative to systems involving conventional tillage. Adoption of CA changes weed dynamics and communities and therefore necessitates adjusting weed control methods. The objectives of this review are to summarize literature concerning CA principles and their interactive effects on weed life cycles and community composition, briefly review CA-appropriate cultural practices for additional weed control, and identify areas where further research is needed. No-till systems accumulate seeds near the soil surface where they are more likely to germinate but are also exposed to greater mortality risks through weather variability and predation. Assuming no seed input into the system, germinable seedbanks under no-till decrease more rapidly than under conventional tillage. Reducing tillage may shift weed communities from annual dicots to grassy annuals and perennials. Surface residues lower average soil temperatures and may delay emergence of both crops and weeds. Germination and growth of small-seeded annuals will suffer from restricted light availability, physical growth barriers and potential allelopathic effects from surface residue. Crop rotation affects weeds via allelopathy and altered timing of both crop management and resource demands. Rotations should incorporate crops sown in varied seasons (e.g., autumn and spring), annuals and perennials, different herbicides, and/or various crop families. Literature indicates implementing no-till without crop rotation can result in severe weed problems; greater rotational crop diversity results in easier weed management. Additional cultural practices for CA include: (i) selecting highly competitive varieties; (ii) altering planting dates; (iii) preventing weed seed recruitment; (iv) adjusting planting arrangement, densities, and fertilizer placement; and (v) microbial bio-controls. Further research is needed concerning: (i) the interactive effects of tillage and surface residue on weeds; (ii) the use of models and/or meta-analyses to predict weed responses, and to identify intervention points in CA; and (iii) the weed-suppressive potential of longer (4+ years) rotations.
Publication - Conservation agriculture and soil carbon sequestration: between myth and farmer reality(CIMMYT, 2009) Verhulst, N.; Francois, I.; Govaerts, B.Human efforts to produce ever-greater amounts of food leave their mark on the environment. Persistent use of conventional farming practices based on extensive tillage, especially when combined with removal or in situ burning of crop residue, have magnified soil erosion losses and the soil resource base has been steadily degraded. Another direct consequence of farmers’ persistent use of traditional production practices is rapidly increasing production costs; the costs of inputs such as improved varieties and fertilizers continue to increase and farmers make inefficient use of them. Despite the availability of improved varieties with increased yield potential, the potential increase in production is not achieved because of poor crop management systems. Nowadays, people have come to understand that agriculture should not only be high yielding, but also sustainable. Conservation agriculture (CA) has been proposed as a widely adapted set of management principles that can assure more sustainable agricultural production. Conservation agriculture is a broader concept than conservation tillage, a system where at least 30% of the soil surface is covered with crop residues after seeding of the next crop. In CA, the emphasis not only lies on tillage components but on the combination of the following three principles: 1. Reduction in tillage: The objective is to achieve zero tillage (i.e., no tillage at all); however, the system may involve controlled tillage seeding systems that do not disturb more than 20–25% of the soil surface. 2. Retention of adequate levels of crop residues and soil surface cover: The objective is the retention of sufficient residue on the soil to: protect the soil from water and wind erosion; reduce water run-off and evaporation; improve water productivity; and enhance soil physical, chemical, and biological properties associated with long-term sustainable productivity. 3. Use of crop rotations: The objective is to employ diversified crop rotations to: help moderate/mitigate possible weed, disease and pest problems; utilize the beneficial effects of some crops on soil conditions and on the productivity of the next crop; and provide farmers with economically viable options that minimize risk. These CA principles are applicable to a wide range of crop production systems from low-yielding, dry, rain-fed conditions to high-yielding, irrigated conditions. However, applying the principles of CA will be very different in different situations. Specific and compatible management components such as pest and weed control tactics, nutrient management strategies, rotation crops, etc. will need to be identified through adaptive research with active farmer involvement. Conservation agriculture has been promoted as an agricultural practice that increases agricultural sustainability and is associated with the potential to lessen greenhouse gas emissions. There are, however, contrasting reports on the potential of CA practices for C sequestration (i.e., the process of removing carbon dioxide, CO2, from the atmosphere and depositing it in the soil).
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