Person: Mottaleb, K.A.
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Mottaleb
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K.A.
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Mottaleb, K.A.
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0000-0002-2666-1152 4 results
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- Quantifying wheat blast disease induced yield and production losses of wheat: A quasi-natural experiment(Cambridge University Press, 2023) Mottaleb, K.A.; Hodson, D.P.; Krupnik, T.J.; Sonder, K.
Publication - Understanding clients, providers and the institutional dimensions of irrigation services in developing countries: a study of water markets in Bangladesh(Elsevier, 2019) Mottaleb, K.A.; Krupnik, T.J.; Keil, A.; Erenstein, O.Bangladesh is one of the most densely populated nations that nonetheless has largely achieved staple self-sufficiency. This development has been enabled in part by the rapid proliferation of small-scale irrigation pumps that enabled double rice cropping, as well as by a competitive market system in which farmers purchase water at affordable fee-for-service prices from private irrigation pump owners. Excess groundwater abstraction in areas of high shallow tube-well density and increased fuel costs for pumping have however called into question the sustainability of Bangladesh's groundwater irrigation economy. Cost-saving agronomic methods are called for, alongside aligned policies, markets, and farmers? incentives. The study assesses different institutions and water-pricing methods for irrigation services that have emerged in Bangladesh, each of which varies in their incentive structure for water conservation, and the level of economic risk involved for farmers and service providers. Using primary data collected from 139 irrigation service providers and 556 client-farmers, we empirically examine the structure of irrigation service types and associated market and institutional dimensions. Our findings demonstrate that competition among pump owners, social capital and personal relationships, and economic and agronomic risk perceptions of both pump owners and farmers significantly influence the structure of irrigation services and water pricing methods. Greater competition among pump owners increases the likelihood of pay-per-hour services and reduces the likelihood of crop harvest sharing arrangements. Based on these findings, we explore policy implications for enhancing irrigation services and irrigation sustainability in Bangladesh.
Publication - Factors associated with small-scale agricultural machinery adoption in Bangladesh: census findings(Elsevier, 2016) Mottaleb, K.A.; Krupnik, T.J.; Erenstein, O.There is strong advocacy for agricultural machinery appropriate for smallholder farmers in South Asia. Such ‘scale-appropriate’ machinery can increase returns to land and labour, although the still substantial capital investment required can preclude smallholder ownership. Increasing machinery demand has resulted in relatively well-developed markets for rental services for tillage, irrigation, and post-harvest operations. Many smallholders thereby access agricultural machinery that may have otherwise been cost prohibitive to purchase through fee-for-service arrangements, though opportunity for expansion remains. To more effectively facilitate the development and investment in scale-appropriate machinery, there is a need to better understand the factors associated with agricultural machinery purchases and service provision. This paper first reviews Bangladesh’s historical policy environment that facilitated the development of agricultural machinery markets. It then uses recent Bangladesh census data from 814,058 farm households to identify variables associated with the adoption of the most common smallholder agricultural machinery – irrigation pumps, threshers, and power tillers (mainly driven by two-wheel tractors). Multinomial probit model results indicate that machinery ownership is positively associated with household assets, credit availability, electrification, and road density. These findings suggest that donors and policy makers should focus not only on short-term projects to boost machinery adoption. Rather, sustained emphasis on improving physical and civil infrastructure and services, as well as assuring credit availability, is also necessary to create an enabling environment in which the adoption of scale-appropriate farm machinery is most likely.
Publication - Uptake of scale-appropriate agricultural machinery in Bangladesh: policy insights from historical and census survey analyses(CIMMYT, 2015) Mottaleb, K.A.; Krupnik, T.J.In response to calls for increased crop intensification and technological options that alleviate labour and drudgery constraints in agriculture, donors and policy makers in South Asia increasingly advocate agricultural machinery appropriate for smallholder farmers' landholdings. When carefully utilized, 'scale-appropriate' machinery has the potential to boost returns to land and labour, and alleviate the sometimes substantial funds required for machinery investment that can exclude smallholders from purchase and ownership - especially where subsidies are not offered. Expanding demand among farmers for mechanized planting, irrigation, harvest, and post-harvest equipment has however resulted in popular systems of rural machinery services provision, whereby smallholders access machines through cost-effective fee-for-service arrangements. Such systems are especially prominent in Bangladesh, although the extent of rural mechanization markets are still not comprehensive. As such, a substantial number of farmers could still benefit from increased access. To help prioritize investments in development efforts focussed on scale-appropriate machinery, donors and policy makers require information explaining what influences farmers to purchase machinery and provide services to other farmers as clients. This research addresses this need, by using census data from 814,058 Bangladeshi farm households (HHs) collected by Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics surveyed in 2008. We applied a multinomial probit model estimation approach to identify the factors that are related to ownership of agricultural machinery, inclusive of HH characteristics and assets, as well as proximity and relation to institutional and civil infrastructural variables, to examine the ownership of irrigation pumps, threshers, and two-wheel tractor driven power-tillers. In addition to household asset ownership, credit availability, and electrification, we found that road density also significantly and positively affects machinery ownership in rural Bangladesh. We therefore suggest that donors and policy makers should focus not only on short-term projects aimed at increasing adoption of machinery or in improvement of machinery value chains; rather, sustained emphasis on improving regional physical and civil infrastructure appears to also be prerequisite to create an enabling environment for expansion of scale-appropriate farm machinery, and as such should also receive policy and donor prioritization.
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