Person: Braun, H.J.
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Braun
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H.J.
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Braun, H.J.
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0000-0001-7944-8040 9 results
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- Wheat genetic resources have avoided disease pandemics, improved food security, and reduced environmental footprints: A review of historical impacts and future opportunities(John Wiley & Sons, 2024) King, J.; Dreisigacker, S.; Reynolds, M.P.; Bandyopadhyay, A.; Braun, H.J.; Crespo Herrera, L.A.; Crossa, J.; Velu, G.; Huerta-Espino, J.; Ibba, M.I.; Robles-Zazueta, C.A.; Saint Pierre, C.; Singh, P.K.; Singh, R.P.; Achary, V.M.M.; Bhavani, S.; Blasch, G.; Shifeng Cheng; Dempewolf, H.; Flavell, R.; Gerard, G.S.; Grewal, S.; Griffiths, S.; Hawkesford, M.J.; Xinyao He; Hearne, S.; Hodson, D.P.; Howell, P.; Jalal Kamali, M.R.; Karwat, H.; Kilian, B.; King, I.P.; Kishii, M.; Kommerell, V.; Lagudah, E.; Lan, C.; Montesinos-Lopez, O.A.; Nicholson, P.; Pérez-Rodríguez, P.; Pinto Espinosa, F.; Pixley, K.V.; Rebetzke, G.J.; Rivera-Amado, C.; Sansaloni, C.; Schulthess, U.; Sharma, S.; Shewry, P.; Guntur Venkata Subbarao; Tiwari, T.P.; Trethowan, R.; Uauy, C.
Publication - Chapter 1. Wheat improvement(Springer Nature, 2022) Reynolds, M.P.; Braun, H.J.
Publication - Chapter 4. Global trends in wheat production, consumption and trade(Springer Nature, 2022) Erenstein, O.; Debello, M.J.; Mottaleb, K.A.; Sonder, K.; Donovan, J.; Braun, H.J.
Publication - Translational research for climate resilient, higher yielding crops(Hapres, 2019) Reynolds, M.P.; Borrell, A.; Braun, H.J.; Edmeades, G.O.; Flavell, R.; Gwyn, J.; Jordan, D.; Pixley, K.V.; Rebetzke, G.J.
Publication - Threat of wheat blast to South Asia’s food security: an ex-ante analysis(Public Library of Science, 2018) Mottaleb, K.A.; Singh, P.K.; Sonder, K.; Kruseman, G.; Tiwari, T.P.; Barma, N.C.D.; Malaker, P.K.; Braun, H.J.; Erenstein, O.New biotic stresses have emerged around the globe over the last decades threatening food safety and security. In 2016, scientists confirmed the presence of the devastating wheat-blast disease in Bangladesh, South Asia?its first occurrence outside South America. Severely blast-affected wheat fields had their grain yield wiped out. This poses a severe threat to food security in a densely-populated region with millions of poor inhabitants where wheat is a major staple crop and per capita wheat consumption has been increasing. As an ex ante impact assessment, this study examined potential wheat-blast scenarios in Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan. Based on the agro-climatic conditions in the epicenter, where the disease was first identified in Bangladesh in 2016, this study identified the correspondingly vulnerable areas in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh amounting to 7 million ha. Assuming a conservative scenario of 5?10% for blast-induced wheat production loss, this study estimated the annual potential wheat loss across the sampled countries to be 0.89?1.77 million tons, equivalent to USD 132?264 million. Such losses further threaten an already-precarious national food security, putting pressure on wheat imports and wheat prices. The study is a call for action to tackle the real wheat-blast threat in South Asia. © 2018 Mottaleb et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Publication - Anti-Wheat fad diets undermine global food security efforts: wheat consumption healthy despite claims in self-help publications(CIMMYT, 2014) Peña, R.; Braun, H.J.; Mollins, J.A recent review paper released by Britain’s University of Warwick (Lillywhite and Sarrouy 2014) addresses two fundamental questions regarding wheat: “Are whole grain products good for health?”; and “What is behind the rise in popularity of glutenand wheat-free diets?” The paper was commissioned by cereal-maker Weetabix to address reports in the news media that wheat products are the cause of health problems, resulting in an increasing number of consumers switching to low-carbohydrate grain- and wheat- free diets. For many health professionals this is a worrying trend because wheat not only supplies 20 percent of the world’s food calories and protein, but has important benefits beyond nutrition, the authors state. The Warwick paper provides a scientific assessment of the benefits of whole grain consumption, information that the authors note seems to have been lost in media headlines and the reporting of “pseudo-science.” The paper concludes that whole grain products are good for human health, apart from the 1 percent of the population who suffer from celiac disease and another 1 percent who suffer from sensitivity to wheat (Lillywhite and Sarrouy 2014). Eating wholegrain wheat products is positive, improves health and can help maintain a healthy body weight, the authors report. Scientific evidence regarding wheat- and carbohydrate-free diets is thin and selectively used, they state, and a low cereal and carbohydrate diet “may cost more but deliver less.” Additionally, an economically viable industry has developed around so-called “free-from” diets and may be persuading consumers to switch from staple foods to specialist foods created especially for those who need to avoid gluten, a protein found in wheat and other grains, they add. This Wheat Discussion Paper serves as a foundation upon which the authors hope further conversation will develop. It aims to highlight unsubstantiated nutritional claims about wheat and shine a spotlight on the important role of wheat and fiber in human diets. It also seeks to encourage discussion about how non-scientific claims about wheat could affect poor consumers and global food security.
Publication - Crops that feed the world 10. Past successes and future challenges to the role played by wheat in global food security(Springer Verlag, 2013) Shiferaw, B.; Smale, M.; Braun, H.J.; Duveiller, E.; Reynolds, M.P.; Muricho, G.Wheat is fundamental to human civilization and has played an outstanding role in feeding a hungry world and improving global food security. The crop contributes about 20 % of the total dietary calories and proteins worldwide. Food demand in the developing regions is growing by 1 % annually and varies from 170 kg in Central Asia to 27 kg in East and South Africa. The developing regions (including China and Central Asia) account for roughly 53 % of the total harvested area and 50 % of the production. Unprecedented productivity growth from the Green Revolution (GR) since the 1960s dramatically transformed world wheat production, benefitting both producers and consumers through low production costs and low food prices. Modern wheat varieties were adopted more rapidly than any other technological innovation in the history of agriculture, recently reaching about 90 % of the area in developing regions. One of the key challenges today is to replace these varieties with new ones for better sustainability. While the GR ?spared? essential ecosystems from conversion to agriculture, it also generated its own environmental problems. Also productivity increase is now slow or static. Achieving the productivity gains needed to ensure food security will therefore require more than a repeat performance of the GR of the past. Future demand will need to be achieved through sustainable intensification that combines better crop resistance to diseases and pests, adaptation to warmer climates, and reduced use of water, fertilizer, labor and fuel. Meeting these challenges will require concerted efforts in research and innovation to develop and deploy viable solutions. Substantive investment will be required to realize sustainable productivity growth through better technologies and policy and institutional innovations that facilitate farmer adoption and adaptation. The enduring lessons from the GR and the recent efforts for sustainable intensification of cereal systems in South Asia and other regions provide useful insights for the future.
Publication - Norman Borlaug’s legacy and the urgent need for continuing innovative wheat technology(Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2011) Braun, H.J.
Publication - International cooperation for winter wheat improvement in Central Asia: Results and perspectives(The Scientific and Technology Research Council of Turkey, 2005) Morgounov, A.; Braun, H.J.; Ketata, H.; Paroda, R.S.Crop production in Central Asia has long history going back to 2000-3000 years BC. The farming in the past was mainly concentrated in irrigated areas along the two main river basins: AmuDarya and Syr-Darya. Wheat cultivation in Central Asia in the 20th century concentrated primarily in rainfed area. The breeding work conducted at several stations in the region was initially based on local landraces and resulted in adapted varieties. However, the breeding work was not consistent and interrupted. Since 1991 the wheat became an important crop due to food security concern and replaced cotton in some areas. The modern varieties developed in the region are well adapted and combine yield potential, grain quality and disease resistance. At the same time a number of foreign varieties from Mexico, Russia, Turkey, USA and other countries are cultivated in the region. The international cooperation with centers like CIMMYT and ICARDA resulted in the establishment of international network of researchers sharing the germplasm, knowledge and experience. New jointly developed varieties are being officially tested and some already reached the farmers. Support provided to wheat variety development and promotion in the region from international agencies and organizations like FAO, German Agency for Technical Cooperation, US Department of Agriculture, Washington State University, Winrock International, and others is fundamental for the wheat grain production in Central Asia.
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