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Tadele Tefera

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Tadele Tefera
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Tadele Tefera
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0000-0001-6373-0842

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2009 - 200912010 - 20111
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Region: Global × Author: Beyene, Y. ×

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    Testcross performance of doubled haploid maize lines derived from tropical adapted backcross populations
    (Consiglio per la Ricerca e la sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Unità di Ricerca per la Maiscoltura, 2011) Beyene, Y.; Mugo, S.N.; Pillay, K.; Tadele Tefera; Ajanga, S.; Njoka, S.; Karaya, H.; Gakunga, J.
    Doubled haploid (DH) lines produced by in vivo induction of maternal haploids are routinely used in maize breeding. The present study was carried out to assess the performance of 75 doubled haploid maize testcrosses and six checks tested across four locations in Kenya for grain yield, agronomic traits and reaction to major leaf diseases. The 75 DH lines were derived from the backcross (BC1) plants of two CIMMYT bi-parental crosses. Significant location, genotype and genotype x location effects were observed for grain yield and anthesis-silking interval (ASI). Genotypes were significantly different for reaction to leaf blight and gray leaf spot. Location explained 69% of the total phenotypic variance while both genotype and genotype by environment interaction effects contributed 4% each. Fifteen DH testcross hybrids yielded better than the best commercial check, WH505 (5.1 t/ha). The best DH testcross hybrid (CKDHH0223) averaged over the four locations yielded 29.5% higher than WH505. These results indicate that maize testcrosses developed from DH lines produced as high a grain yield and as acceptable agronomic traits as the commercial hybrids developed through conventional pedigree methods. The DH lines identified in the study may be useful for improving yield and disease resistance in maize breeding programs in eastern and southern Africa.
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    Resistance of maize varieties to the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
    (Academic Journals, 2009) Abebe, F.; Tadele Tefera; Mugo, S.N.; Beyene, Y.; Vidal, S.
    This study aimed at evaluating commonly used maize varieties, collected from Melkasa and Bako Agricultural Research Centers and Haramaya University, Ethiopia, against the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais Motsch., one of the most important cosmopolitan stored product pests in maize. A total of 13 improved maize varieties were screened for their relative susceptibility to S. zeamais. The Dobie index of susceptibility was used to group the varieties. The variety, ?BHQP-542?, had the least index of susceptibility and was regarded as resistant. The varieties, ?Katumani?, ?Melkasa-I?, ?Melkasa-II?, ?Melkasa-III?, ?Coree?, ?BH-541?, ?BH-660?, ?BH-540?, ?Rare-I?, ?Awasa-511?, ?ACV3? and ?ACV6?, were moderately resistant. Weevils fed with the resistant variety produced low numbers of F1 progeny, had a high median developmental time and a low percentage of seed damage and seed weight loss. Maize varieties with a high F1 progeny tended to have a short median developmental time. An increasing number of F1 progeny resulted in an increasing seed damage and seed weight loss. We found an inverse relationship between the susceptibility index and percent mortality and median developmental time; however, the numbers of F1 progeny, percent seed damage and seed weight loss were positively related with the susceptibility index. The use of resistant varieties should be promoted in managing S. zeamais in stored maize under subsistence farming conditions in Africa.
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