Person: Waddington, S.R.
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Waddington
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S.R.
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Waddington, S.R.
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- Production and promotion of triticale as a high quality fodder and feed in small-scale dairy farmers of Bangladesh(Progressive Agriculturists, 2008) Haque, M.E.; Waddington, S.R.; Sarker, Z.I.; Sarker, N.R.; Akteruzzaman, M.
Publication - Soil fertility in chihota communa area, Zimbabwe: report of a baseline survey(CIMMYT, 2002) Bellon, M.; Gatsi, T.; Waddington, S.R.; Gambara, P.; Machemedze, T.E.; Mwenye, D.This report presents the results of a baseline survey that was carried out in nine wards of Chihota communal area, Zimbabwe. This survey is part of the Chihota Soil Fertility project which is a pilot study to expose farmers in this area to a range of 'best-bet' soil fertility improvement technologies and to get their assessment of these technologies in their own terms. The aims of this survey are twofold: to enhance our understanding of farmers' problems and perceptions and to serve as a control against which the impact of the Chihota Soil Fertility project will be compared. The survey covers the following aspects: household characteristics, landholdings, crops grown, soil fertility practices, field characteristics and management, history of use of soil fertility practices, and knowledge about these practices. The unit of analysis used here was the household. Households were classified into three categories: a) male-headed households, female -headed households with male adults (males 18 years and older), female -headed households without male adults (no males above 18 years old). The results show that the farming systems in Chihota are maize-based, even though garden production and non-agricultural labour are important sources of income and subsistence. These systems do not seem to have changed dramatically in the last twenty years. There are some important gender differences among households in terms of the assets they control and the agricultural management they implement. Farming households use a range of soil fertility improvement practices, both organic and inorganic. Some of these are traditional while others have been introduced in the last two decades. Even though most farmers in this area have been in contact with extension, and they have good knowledge about certain soil improvement practices, there seem to be many knowledge gaps in the use of others, including some traditional organic ones. There are opportunities to improve farmers' knowledge with technical information that is relevant and easy to use.
Publication - Constraints to pulses in North-Western Bangladesh: summary proceedings of a project inception workshop(CIMMYT, 2007) Johansen, C.; Waddington, S.R.; Bell, R.These proceedings summarize the outcomes of the Inception Workshop of ACIAR Project SMCN/2005/001, entitled "Addressing constraints to pulses in cereals-based cropping systems, with particular reference to poverty alleviation in north-western Bangladesh". The Project uses methodologies intended to hasten transfer of technology to the target resource-poor farming communities. These methodologies include on-farm research and development, business development services, whole family training and farmer field school approaches; brief descriptions of these methodologies are included. Activities proposed for the 2006-07 season are presented under the four objectives of the Project: Promotion of chickpea in the High Barind Tract. Expansion of cultivation of chickpea and lentil in northern Rajshahi Division. Mechanization of sowing of pulses using power tiller attachments. Fertilizer placement studies. Currently recommended integrated crop management (ICM) packages for lentil and chickpea are presented. Plans for conduct of demonstrations of this ICM technology are outlined and on-farm trials to examine some nutrient components of these packages are specified (effects of method of Rhizobium inoculation and response to Mo, Band lime application). The present state of development of seeder attachments for power tillers is described. As the project requires interaction of multiple partners, guidelines for management and coordination of the Project are elaborated.
Publication - The soil fertility management and policy network for maize-based farming systems in Southern Africa "Soil Fert Net": annual report for 2003(CIMMYT, 2003) Waddington, S.R.; Mekuria, M.Our Annual Report for 2003 covers the final year of the Soil Fertility Management and Policy Network for Smallholder Maize-Based Farming Systems in Southern Mrica (Soil Fert Net). Funding from the Rockefeller Foundation for the period 1 December 2002 to 30 November 2003 was US$ 396000. Those funds supported a full time agronomist and 50% time agricultural economist to coordinate the network from the CIMMYT Southern Mrica office, several ancillary staff and a wide range of networking, research and promotion activities. With the Soil Fert Net closing after eight years, the Co-coordinators wish to thank the Rockefeller Foundation Food Security Program (and before that its Agricultural Sciences Program) for the financial and other encouragement that allowed the many activities of Soil Fert Net to become reality throughout those years. This has made a real difference to the region. The future is very bright indeed for a broader Soil Fertility Consortium described later in this report. In the report this year, we examine the legacy of Soil Fert Net and its contribution to future initiatives on soil fertility in southern Mrica. Later sections highlight important network research on biophysical and socioeconomic aspects and describe networking events. Table 1 lists major Network events held during the report period.
Publication - Soil fert net annual report for 2001(CIMMYT, 2002) Waddington, S.R.; Mekuria, M.The work of the Soil Fertility Research Network for Smallholder Maize-Based Farming Systems in Southern Africa (Soil Fert Net) strengthened significantly during 2001. Our new strategy for the period 2001-2003 (described in the 2000 Annual Report) was implemented. Funding from the Rockefeller Foundation increased to US$ 456600 for the period 1 December 2000 to 30 November 2001. Support to various forms of socio-economic work increased substantially. The time allocation for the Coordination Unit agricultural economist rose to 50%. Additionally, we recruited an agricultural economics research associate (Shephard Siziba). These pOSItions are based at CIMMYT-Zimbabwe. This report outlines new developments in Soil Fert Net during 2001, summarizes network research and technology promotion initiatives and describes a significantly expanded portfolio of networking events.
Publication - Soil fertility network for maize-based farming systems: report of the period 1 October 1994 to 30 September 1995(CIMMYT, 1995) Waddington, S.R.The goal of the Network is to help smallholder farmers in Malawi and Zimbabwe produce higher, more sustainable and profitable yields from their dominant maize-based cropping systems. The Network aims to achieve that through raised soil fertility - improved management leading to higher efficiencies in farmer use of scarce organic and inorganic fertilizer inputs - following adoption of technology developed through the Network. The Network brings together fragmented regional expertise to better focus on appropriate soil fertility technology for smallholders, develop links with other component technologies (such as germplasm) and facilitate technology transfer to end users. It emphasizes the development of effective, targeted research and extension through joint priority setting, planning and implementation of complementary soil fertility activities across maize-based agroecologies by participating organizations. This involves enhanced interaction between research, extension and the farmer. Activities include research priority setting, planning and integration; the conduct of priority research and extension; information exchange and training for network scientists; and the distribution and use of output information through links with farmers, extension, NGOs and input suppliers.
Publication - Soil fertility net annual report: for the period 1 October 1999 to 30 September 2000(CIMMYT, 2000) Waddington, S.R.; Mekuria, M.During 2000, the Soil Fertility Research Network for Smallholder Maize-Based Farming Systems in Malawi and Zimbabwe (Soil Fert Net) continued its work. Our funding for the 12 months from October 1999 to September 2000 amounted to US$ 361800. This included new funding for 30% time of an agricultural economist based at CIMMYT-Zimbabwe and additional support for economics and policy work compared with 1998/99. There was a major emphasis on getting the best soil fertility technologies to the farmers through participatory work and wider partnerships, supported by economics and policy awareness. Additionally, we developed a proposal for a further three years of Soil Fert Net. To better reflect the work done, we changed the full name of Soil Fert Net to "Soil Fertility Management and Policy Network for Maize-Based Farming Systems in Southern Africa", effective 1 October 2000. Table 1 gives a summary of the major Network events held during the report period.
Publication - Exploring farmer options for maize production strategies via scenario analysis using the APSIM model-an example of the approach(CIMMYT, 2000) Keating, B.; Waddington, S.R.; Shamudzarira, Z.; Grace, P.; Rohrbach, D.D.; Snapp, S.S.; Dimes, J.; Carberry, P.S.; Robertson, M.J.This report summarizes a workshop in which the APSIM (Agricultural Production Systems Simulator) farming systems model was applied to the analysis of management options critical to maize production in Zimbabwe. The modeling analysis focused on responses to investment in nitrogen fertilizer inputs, in terms of investments in timely sowing and weeding. The study evaluated a number of alternative scenarios of land, labor, and financial constraints for a farm household which were based on local information. Scenarios were established whereby the resources available could be deployed in different ways over multiple fields on the farm. In one scenario, fertilizer inputs, and weeding and plowing/sowing efforts were concentrated on a portion of the farm and the remainder was left idle. In another scenario, the resources were spread evenly over the whole farm; others involved the shifting of resources between investments in fertilizer inputs, early sowing, and more effective weeding regimes. The study was configured for a farm in Natural Region II using a Harare climate data on a shallow, infertile, sandy soil. Since the farm household constraints were very simply defined, the study needs to be repeated with more careful specification of the constraints and in other drier regions of the country. Despite these deficiencies, the study does highlight the challenges that smallholders face when investing in fertilizer inputs, and provides some direction for future on-farm research.
Publication - Soil Fertility Network for Maize-Based Cropping Systems in Malawi and Zimbabwe "Soil Fer Net": annual report for the Period 1 October 1998 to 30 September 1999(CIMMYT, 1999) Waddington, S.R.In 1998/99, the Soil Fertility Research Network for Smallholder Maize-Based Cropping Systems in Malawi and Zimbabwe (Soil Fert Net) began a projected second four years of work. We followed the strategy (outlined in our 1997/98 Annual Report) of continuing the important long-term agronomic and soil science research while concentrating more on getting the best soil fertility technologies to the farmers through participatory work and wider partnerships, supported by economics and policy awareness. Soil Fert Net consolidated its joint research through Network Trials, expanded the testing and dissemination of soil fertility technologies using farmer participatory methods, developed links with colleagues in Zambia, updated our understanding of "Best Bet" soil fertility technologies and laid the groundwork for larger and more widespread impact from those technologies through the launching of our Economics and Policy Working Group (EPWG). Total funding for the year (October 1998 to September 1999) was US$ 259200. The Rockefeller Foundation agreed to continue funding the Soil Fert Net through September 2000, with an increased allocation to cover coordination of the EPWG. Table 1 summarizes the major Network events held during the report period.
Publication - Potential technology and research needs for rainfed maize production in drought prone environments of Southern Africa(CIMMYT, 1989) Waddington, S.R.; Kunjeku, P.In southern Africa, semi-arid areas (here simply defined as areas with less than 700 mm but more than 350 mm of rainfall per annum) can be found from around 100 m to over 1,400 m above sea level. The semi-arid areas most important for maize production are found in the 800-1 ,250 m range of elevation. Maize is grown under semi-arid conditions in most parts of Zimbabwe outside of the northern central watershed, most of the interior of central southern Mozambique, in the lowveld of Swaziland, parts of eastern and northeastern Botswana, parts of southern Zambia (especially the Zambezi and Luangwa valleys) and parts of southern Malawi. In Zimbabwe, for example, based on data from the AGRITEX extension service, approximately 828,000 ha of maize was planted by smallholder farmers in semi-arid areas in 1986/87. This was approximately 64% of the total smallholder maize area in the country. The semi-arid areas are characterised by wide variation in the amount and distribution of rainfall from year to year. In most years, during parts of the maize growing season heavy storms occur and water is lost because of runoff; at other times in the season dry spells prevail. The development of technologies to cope with both the excess and shortage of water presents a major challenge.
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