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Islam, S.

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Islam, S.

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    Integrated weed management: experiential learning modules – Book 2
    (CIMMYT, 2016) Krupnik, T.J.; Naher, K.; Islam, S.; Haque, Md. A.; Roy, A.; Kumar, V.; Hossain, I.; Hossain, K.; Gathala, M.K.; Shrestha, A.; Nazim Uddin, S. Md.
    Publication
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    Easy to use methods to improve mungbean production in Bangladesh
    (CSISA, 2016) Islam, S.; Roy, A.; Rashid, M.H.; Hossain, K.; Pandit, D.B.; Matin, Md. A.; Shahidul Haque Khan; Sumona Shahrin; Krupnik, T.J.
    Mungbean (Vigna radiata) is one of Bangladesh’s most important pulses. Many places in Bangladesh are suitable for mungbean, which grows well under clear sunshine and low humidity conditions. Cloudy weather, continuous or heavy rainfall may however cause problems like pests and diseases. Mungbean is also nutritious and is good for your health. This manual provides simple guidelines to improve mungbean cultivation in Bangladesh.
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    Integrated weed management: experiential learning modules – Book 2
    (CIMMYT, 2016) Krupnik, T.J.; Naher, K.; Islam, S.; Haque, Md. A.; Roy, A.; Kumar, V.; Hossain, I.; Hossain, K.; Gathala, M.K.; Shrestha, A.; Nazim Uddin, S. Md.
    Globally, weeds cause higher agricultural production losses than other agricultural pests. In a systematic review of the evidence on crop production losses, Oerke (2005) wrote that “Estimates on potential and actual losses despite the current crop protection practices are given for wheat, rice, maize, potatoes, soybeans, and cotton … weeds produced the highest potential loss (34%), with animal pests and pathogens being less important (losses of 18 and 16%)”1. Weeds are therefore a consistent headache to farmers. They interfere with crops by competing for soil nutrients, light, and water. They are particularly problematic when crops are directly sown by machine, or under conditions of reduced tillage. They also constrain farmers with respect to their time and labor, and constitute an important production cost. This book covers critical topics for the principles and practice of integrated weed management (IWM) in the context of smallholder farming in the tropics, with emphasis on experiential and hands-on learning. The materials within provide a guide for training facilitators to conduct a rapid one-day training on IWM, including detailed instructions on how to facilitate a training, training material requirements, flip charts to facilitate discussions, and pre- and post-tests for training participants. IWM is better learned through multiple training sessions or as part of a farmer field school than in an individual one-day training. Hence while this book details several modular training sessions that can be conducted consecutively over a single day, they can also be broken up and applied as individual modules during a season long farmer field school, or for more targeted training sessions. Note also that training in IWM is needed prior to training farmers, machinery service providers (farmers who own equipment or machinery, such as seeding equipment or herbicide sprayers, and charge other farmers for their use on an affordable fee-for-service basis), or others in aspects of direct seeding or the practicalities of conservation agriculture (CA, such as zero- or strip-tillage). In the latter case, the cultural weed control concept of crop rotation fits nicely with CA principles. For this reason, training facilitators are encouraged to use these IWM modules prior to attempting to train farmers or service providers on these more advanced crop establishment techniques. IWM techniques are also commonly incorporated into the packages of services that agricultural service providers make available for farmer clients.
    Publication
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    Axial flow pumps can reduce energy use and costs for low-lift surface water irrigation in Bangladesh
    (CIMMYT, 2014) Qureshi, A.S.; Islam, S.; Hossain, A.; Gathala, M.K.; Krupnik, T.J.; Santos Valle, S.
    With conventional centrifugal pumps (CEN), less than 50% of southern Bangladesh’s farmers invest in dry season irrigation, partly due to high and continually increasing diesel energy costs. Diesel pump efficiencies in Bangladesh are only 25% (compared to 35% for electric pumps) mainly due to techno-mechanical problems. New policies championed by the Government of Bangladesh prioritize sustainable crop intensification in Bangladesh’s delta. A key example is the Master Plan for Agricultural Development in the Southern Region of Bangladesh, which focuses strongly on the development of surface water irrigation to spur increased crop output within this impoverished region. However, this objective is unlikely to be achieved without fundamental changes in the energetics and cost of irrigation. Where surface water is available in the complex deltaic environment of Southern Bangladesh, axial flow pumps (AFPs) may comprise part of the solution to this problem. Through a partnership between the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) and the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) in the Cereal Systems Initiative for South Asia (CSISA) project, we conducted two experiments to help test this hypothesis. In our first experiment, we assessed pulley arrangements to arrive at optimal configurations for water discharge at 1-, 2- and 3-m heads for prototype AFPs manufactured in Bangladesh. The second experiment compared the hydraulic, energetic, and economic performance of AFPs and CENs. CENs produced less discharge than AFPs at all heads. Both CENs and AFPs showed an inverse relationship between discharge and increasing head, although AFPs showed considerably less flow as head increased. Importantly, as a measure of energy efficiency, discharge per unit of fuel was highest for AFPs (+51% and +21% at 1- and 2-m lifts), though this declined with rising head until convergence with CEN at 2.8- m. High AFP discharge reduced irrigation time requirements when simulated for Boro rice, wheat, and maize. Compared to CEN, AFPs can save between 5,444–2,955 BDT (70–38 USD) ha–1 season–1 for Boro rice at 1- and 3-m heads, respectively, and 1,167–622 BDT (15–8 USD), and 2,022–1,089 BDT(26–14 USD) ha–1 season–1 for wheat and maize. Fuel efficiency reductions above 2.8-m highlighted the importance of technology targeting to ensure AFP deployment in environments where the greatest efficiency gains are achievable.
    Publication