Person: Gerpacio, R.V.
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Gerpacio
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R.V.
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Gerpacio, R.V.
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- Towards reduced pesticide use for cereal crops in Asia(CIMMYT, 1997) Pingali, P.L.; Gerpacio, R.V.Several opportunities are available for dramatically reducing the use of agrochemicals in Asia cereal crop production. The first selection of this paper summarizes past trends and future prospects for pesticide use in Asia for three major cereal crops: rice, wheat, and maize. The second section identifies factors that have contributed to rising farm-level demand for pesticides and factors that could lead to a reduction in their demand. The third section highlights the advances that have been made in generating and disseminating cereal crops with resistance to insects and diseases. It focuses on conventional breeding strategies for host-plant resistance as well as the current and potential contributions of biotechnology. Pesticide productivity, yield variabiliy, and their relation to host-plant resistance are reviewed, along with evidence from trials and farmers' fields. The paper concludes with a discussion of the integrated management approaches that will be necesary for maximizing and sustaining the productivity gainsoffered by resistant varieties.
Publication - Tropical and subtropical maize in Asia: production systems, constraints, and research priorities(CIMMYT, 2007) Gerpacio, R.V.; Pingali, P.L.This book examines future technological and policy prospects for the sustainable intensification of rainfed upland maize production in Asia, and derives R&D priorities for specific maize production environments and markets. Village-level and farmer-group surveys were conducted to characterize upland maize production environments and systems in China, India, Indonesia, Nepal, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. Survey findings, particularly farmer-identified constraints to maize production, complemented with other relevant data, were used in country-level, R&D priority-setting workshops. High on the list of farmer constraints was drought, estimated to affect three production environments that are home to about 48 million rural poor and produce an estimated 16 million tons of maize, and others such as downy mildew, stem borers, soil erosion/landslides, waterlogging, poor agricultural extension/ technology transfer services, and poor access to low-interest credit and markets. Farmers felt that socioeconomic and policy-related constraints impact maize productivity more than technical constraints do. It is important to recognize that technology is not the only key to increasing productivity and bettering the conditions of marginal maize farmers in Asia. There is a growing trend towards commercializing and intensifying maize production that is different from the staple food self-sufficiency paradigm that has been the cornerstone of agricultural policy in most developing countries. Appropriate government policies could help alleviate the adverse consequences of commercialization and promote sustainable intensification of maize production, especially in marginal environments inhabited by resource-poor subsistence farmers.
Publication - Maize in the Philippines: production systems, constraints, and research priorities(CIMMYT, 2004) Gerpacio, R.V.; Labios, J.D.; Labios, R.; Diangkinay, E.I.This is one of a series of country studies on maize production systems in Asia. It is part of a project designed to promote sustainable intensification of maize production systems while ensuring equitable income growth and improved food security for poor households that depend on maize. Maize is the second most important food crop (after rice) in the Philippines, and the major source of income for one-third of farmers (1.8 million). It is also the primary source of feed for the Filipino poultry and livestock industry, and is being increasingly used in the manufacturing sector. Rapid economic growth and urbanization are expected to create an even higher demand for maize in the Philippines. The challenge is to provide more maize for an expanding market, while preserving the natural resource base and the environment. Effective policy design and implementation must be based on comprehensive, accurate data on the current state of maize-based farming systems. The goal of this study was to clarify the probable response of the social and biophysical environments of the Philippines to future growth in demand for maize by determining the constraints to productivity growth and the potential environmental consequences, by collecting information on the available options for promoting sustainable growth.
Publication - Maize in Vietnam: production systems, constraints, and research priorities(CIMMYT, 2004) Tran Dinh, Thao; Tri Khiem, N.; Xuan Trieu, M.; Gerpacio, R.V.; Pingali, P.L.This is one of a series of seven in-depth country studies on maize production systems in Asia, funded by the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) and the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD). It is part of a project designed to promote sustainable intensification of maize production systems while ensuring equitable income growth and improved food security, especially for poor households that depend on maize. This study characterized the social and biophysical maize production environment of Thailand; examined its response to increasing maize demand; determined constraints to future productivity growth; investigated the potential environmental consequences, and examined the options available for promoting sustainable growth in maize production. Maize is the second most important food crop in Vietnam after rice. It is the substitute staple in periods of rice shortage, especially for people in rural areas and mountainous regions. Maize is also the primary source of feed for Vietnam’s poultry and livestock industry, and is therefore an important source of income for many farmers. Maize production has risen sharply since 1990, when the Vietnamese government began to strongly support and promote maize hybrid technology. Vietnamese farmers have widely adopted higher-yielding hybrid maize varieties. This was a timely response to Vietnam’s growing livestock and poultry industry, which in turn generates an increasing demand for more maize to use as feed. Rapid economic growth and accelerated urbanization are expected to create an even higher demand for maize in Vietnam. This trend will lead to the intensification of current maize production systems, with more land being shifted to maize production, particularly in marginal areas. Vietnam’s challenge is to provide more maize for an expanding market, while preserving the natural resource base and the environment through careful agricultural planning. Ef fective policy design and implementation must be based on comprehensive, accurate data on the current state of maize-based farming systems.
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