Person: Wall, P.C.
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Wall
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P.C.
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Wall, P.C.
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0000-0003-3202-8908 7 results
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- Weed control in smallholder Conservation Agriculture(CIMMYT, 2015-04-21) Thierfelder, C.; Wall, P.C.One of the principle reasons why farmers plough the soil is to control weeds. Tillage is easy and weed control can be complete. Weed control without tillage is more complicated and requires much more knowledge. A lot of farmers find controlling weeds in the first seasons of conversion from conventional agriculture to conservation agriculture (CA) to be very difficult. This can lead to a rejection of the technology.
Publication - Manual and animal traction seeding systems in Conservation Agriculture(CIMMYT, 2015-04-21) Thierfelder, C.; Wall, P.C.Soil tillage leads to the breakdown of soil structure and land degradation (see bulletin on land and soil degradation) and is therefore not sustainable. However to be able to plant into unploughed soil, special methods or equipment are necessary. Both man
Publication - The importance of crop rotations(CIMMYT, 2015-04-21) Thierfelder, C.; Wall, P.C.A crop rotation is a series of different crops planted in the same field following a defined order (i.e. maize-cotton-sunnhemp or maize-soyabeans). Monoculture is the repeated planting of the same crop in the same field year after year.
Publication - The role and importance of residues(CIMMYT, 2015-04-21) Thierfelder, C.; Wall, P.C.Crop residues consist of dead plant parts, or stover, that remain from previous crops, including green manure cover crops, and may be supplemented with dried weeds or other imported plant material. Soil cover is one of the most critical factors in ensuring the success of conservation agriculture (CA). In conventional agricultural systems, residues are usually fed to animals, taken off the field for other uses, incorporated or burned. In many places communal grazing rights are observed, and protecting the residues on the fields from free roaming animals can entail considerable conflicts. However, farmers managing CA systems derive huge benefits from surface residue retention, which makes keeping them on the fields very worthwhile, and some communities have found ways to overcome the problems of communal grazing rights.
Publication - Conservation Agriculture – a sustainable system(CIMMYT, 2015-04-21) Thierfelder, C.; Wall, P.C.Conservation agriculture (CA) is a crop management system based on three principles: a) minimum soil movement (no soil inversion by tillage) b) soil surface cover with crop residues and/or living plants and c) crop rotations to avoid pest and diseases.
Publication - The problem of soil and land degradation(CIMMYT, 2015-04-21) Thierfelder, C.; Wall, P.C.Soil degradation has two major components: the loss of soil through erosion and the loss of soil fertility. Both components lead to progressively lower crop yields, increased costs of production, and may end up in land abandonment and desertification. Soil tillage is the principle cause of degradation of cropped fields. Soil tillage causes rapid breakdown of soil organic matter - the key to soil fertility.
Publication - Wheat and weeds: food and feed(CIMMYT, 2001) Wall, P.C.The idea of a collaborative project between Bolivia and Ethiopia stems from a CIMMYT site similarity analysis of the main research areas of the Bolivian national wheat programme (PROTRIGO). This study showed a great deal of similarity between the central high plateau of Ethiopia and the valley region of Bolivia, as well as with the central high plateau of Mexico, the site of CIMMYT's headquarters. The similarity between the Ethiopian and Bolivian regions, and the farming systems of their inhabitants, is clearly evident in the papers presented in the present volume. Given this similarity, Douglas Tanner and Thomas Payne of CIMMYT's regional wheat programme based in Ethiopia, together with Jeroen Dijkman of the International Livestock Research Institute (lLRI) decided to present a proposal to the CGIAR System-wide Livestock Programme (SLP) for work on wheat/livestock interactions on the small farms in these two geographical areas. "The System-wide Livestock Programme is a CGIAR research initiative to improve livestock feed resources and natural resource management in crop-livestock agriculture. The SLP works through ecoregional consortia consisting of national agricultural research systems of developing countries, advanced research institutes of developed countries and international agricultural research centres. The objective of this project is to support development of technology and policy options for improved production and utilisation of feed resources in rainfed crop-livestock systems and natural resource management." (http://www.cgiar.org/ilri/research/proj8.cfm). The SLP funded the first stage of this project: two stakeholder workshops, one each in Bolivia and Ethiopia, and the preparation of the final project proposal based on the deliberations and decisions taken. During the workshops, participants analysed the factors limiting the productivity of small farms in the highland areas of Bolivia and Ethiopia, the causes of these problems, and possible research interventions to overcome them, concentrating on aspects with strong crop/livestock interactions. These proceedings present the background papers presented in these workshops, together with summaries of the results of the discussion sessions. Participants invested a considerable amount of time in the preparation of the papers, and these wi1l provide important baseline information for the proposed project between the two countries, and valuable reference material for scientists working in the tropical highland areas.
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