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Kruseman, G.

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Kruseman
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Kruseman, G.
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0000-0002-3392-4176

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    Towards a core approach for cross-sectional farm household survey data collection: a tiered setup for quantifying key farm and livelihood indicators
    (CGIAR Platform for Big Data in Agriculture, 2019) Wijk, M. van; Alvarez, C.; Anupama, G.; Arnaud, E.; Azzarri, C.; Burra, D.; Caracciolo, F.; Coomes, D.; Garbero, A.; Gotor, E.; Heckert, J.; Johnson, N.; Soonho Kim; Miro, B.; Muliro, J.; Shikuku, K.M.; Tyszler, M.; Valdivia, R.; Viviani, S.; Vrolijk, H.; Kruseman, G.
    There is an urgent need to improve the characterisation of agricultural systems at household level to enable a more efficient assessment of the capacity households to adopt a range of agricultural intervention options. Local drivers and factors need to be identified that might constrain or provide opportunities within a specified agricultural system (Carletto et al., 2015), while on the other hand generalisable standardized characteristics need to be identified that would allow robust comparisons between different systems (Frelat et al., 2016; van Wijk et al., 2014). The assessment of opportunities at smallholder farm household level to improve their livelihoods needs integration of validated standardised agricultural, poverty, nutrition and gender indicators in the quantitative characterisation of these households. This will allow us to assess how these welfare indicators vary across a farm household population and across different agro-ecological and socioeconomic conditions. Such data would also allow us to better assess how they may change over time. Furthering such a standardization across all institutes within the CGIAR (who have been estimated to conduct baseline interviews with around 180,000 farmers per year) would allow for much easier application of big data method applications for analyzing the household level data themselves, as well as for linking these data to other larger scale information sources like spatial crop yield data, climate data, market access data, roadmap data, etc. The Big Data platform of the CGIAR has therefore stimulated an effort to define how a common core of a cross-sectional household survey focusing on rural households could look like, the so-called 100Q exercise (with 100Q standing for 100 Questions that that core should contain). The core survey should deliver key information around the agricultural activities and off farm income of the household, as well as key welfare indicators focusing on poverty, food security, dietary diversity and gender equity. Within this effort a workshop was held in Rome, Italy, in December 2018, where a group of scientists from different centers of the CGIAR and partner institutions discussed how such a core approach for cross-sectional surveys could look, and what type of information should be captured. This report is a short reflection of what was discussed during this workshop, and tries to summarize the overall conclusions of this workshop into core modules of key aspects and indicators of rural farm livelihoods. This information can be used as building blocks for survey development, thereby resulting in more harmonized household survey data collection across CGIAR centers.
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    Blockchain for food: making sense of technology and the impact on biofortified seeds
    (CGIAR Platform for Big Data in Agriculture, 2019) De Ruyter de Wildt, M.; Van Ginkel, M.; Coppoolse, K.; Van Maarseveen, B.; Walton, J.; Kruseman, G.
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    Maíz para México - Plan Estratégico 2030
    (CIMMYT, 2019) Govaerts, B.; Chávez, X.; Fernández, A.; Vega, D.; Vázquez, O.; Pérez, M.; Carvajal, A.; Ortega, P.; López, Pablo; Rodríguez, R.; Kruseman, G.; Donnet, M.L.; Palacios-Rojas, N.; Verhulst, N.; Gardeazabal, A.; González, G.; Sánchez, K.C.; Rosado, L.G.; López Perea, R.; Gobierno de México; Silva, A.; Camacho, C.; Fernández, C.; Costich, D.E.; Ortiz, E.; Leal, J.; García, J.; Dorantes, J.A.; Sonder, K.; Pixley, K.; García, L.; Willcox, M.; Rendón, R.; López, S.; Odjo, S.; López, V.
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    Exploring opportunities around climate-smart breeding for future food and nutrition security
    (CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), 2019) Balié, J.; Cramer, L.; Friedmann, M.; Gotor, E.; Jones, C.S.; Kozicka, M.; Kruseman, G.; Notenbaert, A.; Place, F.; Rebolledo, C.; Thornton, P.; Wiebe, K.
    Foresight activities that include participatory processes as well as careful analysis can help address the great uncertainties concerning the future of food systems and the role of crop and livestock breeding. There would be big benefits to designing and carrying out a process to develop and support a value proposition for future CGIAR breeding activities. More multi-disciplinary team approaches are needed to work on trait prioritization for CGIAR and partners, embedded within a systems approach. Participatory methods to characterize stakeholders’ needs and preferences are crucial to ensure that new varieties fulfil their expectations in highly dynamic market environments.
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    Sub-Saharan african maize-based foods: processing practices, challenges and opportunities
    (Taylor & Francis, 2019) Ekpa, O.; Palacios-Rojas, N.; Kruseman, G.; Fogliano, V.; Linnemann, A.
    In vast swathes of Sub-Saharan Africa, maize is the staple food with consumption of up to 450 g/person/day. Additionally, maize is used as a weaning food for infants as well as for special ceremonies, caring for the sick, aged and pregnant women. Malnutrition persists in regions with heavy maize consumption, partly due to compositional maize characteristics, nutrient loss during processing and consumer preferences. This paper reviews the traditional uses and processing of maize, opportunities and necessary improvements to ensure (micro)nutrient security. Better use of maize can enhance its contribution to meeting the dietary needs and livelihood of Africa’s growing populace.
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    Economic benefits of blast-resistant biofortified wheat in Bangladesh: the case of BARI Gom 33
    (Elsevier, 2019) Mottaleb, K.A.; Velu, G.; Singh, P.K.; Sonder, K.; Xinyao He; Singh, R.P.; Joshi, A.K.; Barma, N.C.D.; Kruseman, G.; Erenstein, O.
    The first occurrence of wheat blast in 2016 threatened Bangladesh's already precarious food security situation. The Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), together with the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) developed and released the wheat variety BARI Gom 33 that is resistant to wheat blast and other common diseases. The new variety provides a 5–8% yield gain over the available popular varieties, as well as being zinc enriched. This study examines the potential economic benefits of BARI Gom 33 in Bangladesh. First, applying a climate analogue model, this study identified that more than 55% of the total wheat-growing area in Bangladesh (across 45 districts) is vulnerable to wheat blast. Second, applying an ex-ante impact assessment framework, this study shows that with an assumed cumulative adoption starting from 2019–20 and increasing to 30% by 2027–28, the potential economic benefits of the newly developed wheat variety far exceeds its dissemination cost by 2029–30. Even if dissemination of the new wheat variety is limited to only the ten currently blast-affected districts, the yearly average net benefits could amount to USD 0.23–1.6 million. Based on the findings, international funder agencies are urged to support the national system in scaling out the new wheat variety and wheat research in general to ensure overall food security in Bangladesh and South Asia.
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    Averting wheat blast by implementing a 'wheat holiday': in search of alternative crops in West Bengal, India
    (Public Library of Science, 2019) Mottaleb, K.A.; Singh, P.K.; Sonder, K.; Kruseman, G.; Erenstein, O.
    The emergence of wheat-blast in Bangladesh in the 2015–16 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop threatens the food security of South Asia. A potential spread of the disease from Bangladesh to India could have devastating impacts on India’s overall food security as wheat is its second most important staple food crop. West Bengal state in eastern India shares a 2,217 km-long border with Bangladesh and has a similar agro-ecology, enhancing the prospects of the disease entering India via West Bengal. The present study explores the possibility of a ‘wheat holiday’ policy in the nine border districts of West Bengal. Under the policy, farmers in these districts would stop wheat cultivation for at least two years. The present scoping study assesses the potential economic feasibility of alternative crops to wheat. Of the ten crops considered, maize, gram (chickpea), urad (black gram), rapeseed and mustard, and potatoes are found to be potentially feasible alternative crops. Any crop substitution would need support to ease the transition including addressing the challenges related to the management of alternative crops, ensuring adequate crop combinations and value chain development. Still, as wheat is a major staple, there is some urgency to support further research on disease epidemiology and forecasting, as well as the development and dissemination of blast-resistant wheat varieties across South Asia.
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    Milling Quality: The Achilles Heel of Cereal Foresight Studies?
    (CIMMYT, 2018) Kruseman, G.; Sonder, K.; Guzman, C.; Pequeno, D.N.L.
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