Person: Ramirez-Villegas, J.
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Ramirez-Villegas
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J.
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Ramirez-Villegas, J.
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0000-0002-8044-583X 4 results
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- Maize for Colombia 2030 Vision(CIMMYT, 2019) Galeano, C.; Nutti, M.; Vanegas, H.; Pasculli, L.; Peña, Y.; Aguilar, D.; Govaerts, B.; Vega, D.; Chávez, X.; Narro, L.A.; San Vicente Garcia, F.M.; Palacios-Rojas, N.; Pérez, M.; González, G.; Ortega, P.; Carvajal, A.; Arcos, A.L.; Bolaños, J.; Romero, N.; Bolaños, J.; Vanegas, Y.F.; Echeverria, R.G.; Jarvis, A.; Jiménez, D.; Ramirez-Villegas, J.; Kropff, W.; Gonzalez, C.; Navarro-Racines, C.E.; Ordóñez, L.; Prager, S.D.; Tapasco, J.; Figueroa, E.; Aguilar, A.; Galeano, C.; Nutti, M.; Ramírez-Villegas, J.; Vanegas, H.; Pasculli, L.; Peña, Y.; Aguilar, D.In Colombia, maize is the third crop with the largest cultivation area after coffee and rice. In spite of this, it is the country with the highest volume of imports in South America, and the seventh in the world. Maize is one of the most important crops in the agrifood sector in Colombia. Maize production increased 76% between 1961 and 2016, whereas the demand for it grew at a faster rate. In 2012, a historical production peak of 1.8 Mt (million tonnes) was reached. According to the most recent data, production fell to 1.6 Mt (2016). In the same year, 74% of the national demand was imported, that is, 4.6 Mt of the 6.2 Mt required in the country. If this trend continues, production is expected to grow by around 6% and demand by 9% between 2018 and 2030. Maize has an important social dimension in the diet of millions of Colombians, providing 9% of the daily energy supply of their diet through the consumption of foods such as arepas and mazamorra, among others. On average, a Colombian consumes 30 kg of maize a year. However, the growing demand for this grain responds, to a greater extent, to the consumption of animal protein, which requires maize for animal feed. Therefore, this demand is explained by the significant increase in the consumption of animal products, which has soared dramatically in recent years. Consumption patterns in the diet of Colombians respond to changes in income—hence in their consumption habits— as well as to the spending on animal products among the global population. In turn, production is also part of an important social and economic dimension. Two systems of maize production co-exist in the country: technified and traditional. The technified maize production system is characterized by monocultures of more than 5 hectares (ha) with water availability for irrigation in some cases, and the use of technologies based on mechanization for soil preparation, use of improved seeds, fertilizers, and chemical pesticides. In Colombia, this system represents 48% of the area destined for maize, with a production of 1.2 Mt7 and an average yield of 5.4 t/ha (tonnes per hectare), given its main characteristics of cultivation. In turn, the traditional production system is characterized by planting areas smaller than 5 ha, where the crop is based on the use of a wide diversity of native varieties without the use of hybrids due to the economic difficulties to access them. Also, the technologies for sowing are based on the plough with hoe and dibble bar. In this sense, in spite of having 52% of the area destined for maize production, less is produced than under the technified system, reaching a production of 0.5 Mt, and an average yield of only 2 t/ha
Publication - Maíz para Colombia Visión 2030(CIMMYT, 2019) Govaerts, B.; Vega, D.; Chávez, X.; Narro, L.A.; San Vicente Garcia, F.M.; Palacios-Rojas, N.; Pérez, M.; González, G.; Ortega, P.; Carvajal, A.; Arcos, A.L.; Bolaños, J.; Romero, N.; Bolaños, J.; Vanegas, Y.F.; Echeverria, R.G.; Jarvis, A.; Jiménez, D.; Ramirez-Villegas, J.; Kropff, W.; Gonzalez, C.; Navarro-Racines, C.E.; Ordóñez, L.; Prager, S.D.; Tapasco, J.; Figueroa, E.; Aguilar, A.; Galeano, C.; Nutti, M.; Ramírez-Villegas, J.; Vanegas, H.; Pasculli, L.; Peña, Y.; Aguilar, D.
Publication - A framework for priority-setting in climate smart agriculture research(Elsevier, 2018) Thornton, P.; Whitbread, A.; Baedeker, T.; Cairns, J.E.; Claessens, L.; Baethgen, W.; Bunn, C.; Friedmann, M.; Giller, K.E.; Herrero, M.; Howden, M.; Kilcline, K.; Nangia, V.; Ramirez-Villegas, J.; Shalander Kumar; West, P.C.; Keating, B.Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is widely promoted as an approach for reorienting agricultural development under the realities of climate change. Prioritising research-for-development activities is crucial, given the need to utilise scarce resources as effectively as possible. However, no framework exists for assessing and comparing different CSA research investments. Several aspects make it challenging to prioritise CSA research, including its multi-dimensional nature (productivity, adaptation and mitigation), the uncertainty surrounding many climate impacts, and the scale and temporal dependencies that may affect the benefits and costs of CSA adoption. Here we propose a framework for prioritising agricultural research investments across scales and review different approaches to setting priorities among agricultural research projects. Many priority-setting case studies address the short- to medium-term and at relatively local scales. We suggest that a mix of actions that span spatial and temporal time scales is needed to be adaptive to a changing climate, address immediate problems and create enabling conditions for enduring change.
Publication - The climate-smart village approach: framework of an integrative strategy for scaling up adaptation options in agriculture(Resilience Alliance, 2018) Aggarwal, P.K.; Jarvis, A.; Campbell, B.M.; Zougmore, R.B.; Khatri-Chhetri, A.; Vermeulen, S.; Loboguerrero, A.M.; Sebastian, L.; Kinyangi, J.; Bonilla-Findji, O.; Radeny, M.; Recha, J.; Martínez Barón, D.; Ramirez-Villegas, J.; Huyer, S.; Thornton, P.; Wollenberg, E.; Hansen, J.W.; Alvarez Toro, P.; Aguilar Ariza, A.; Arango Londoño, D.; Patiño Bravo, V.; Rivera, O.; Ouédraogo, M.; Bui Tan YenIncreasing weather risks threaten agricultural production systems and food security across the world. Maintaining agricultural growth while minimizing climate shocks is crucial to building a resilient food production system and meeting developmental goals in vulnerable countries. Experts have proposed several technological, institutional, and policy interventions to help farmers adapt to current and future weather variability and to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This paper presents the climate-smart village (CSV) approach as a means of performing agricultural research for development that robustly tests technological and institutional options for dealing with climatic variability and climate change in agriculture using participatory methods. It aims to scale up and scale out the appropriate options and draw out lessons for policy makers from local to global levels. The approach incorporates evaluation of climate-smart technologies, practices, services, and processes relevant to local climatic risk management and identifies opportunities for maximizing adaptation gains from synergies across different interventions and recognizing potential maladaptation and trade-offs. It ensures that these are aligned with local knowledge and link into development plans. This paper describes early results in Asia, Africa, and Latin America to illustrate different examples of the CSV approach in diverse agroecological settings. Results from initial studies indicate that the CSV approach has a high potential for scaling out promising climate-smart agricultural technologies, practices, and services. Climate analog studies indicate that the lessons learned at the CSV sites would be relevant to adaptation planning in a large part of global agricultural land even under scenarios of climate change. Key barriers and opportunities for further work are also discussed.
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