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Luis, J.

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Luis, J.

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    A community typology of social change devised from the bottom-up
    (GENNOVATE, 2019) Petesch, P.; Feldman, S.; Elias, M.; Badstue, L.B.; Najjar, D.; Rietveld, A.M.; Bullock, R.; Kawarazuka, N.; Luis, J.
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    Fostering collaboration in cross-CGIAR research projects and platforms: lessons from the GENNOVATE initiative. GENNOVATE resources for scientists and research teams
    (CIMMYT, 2018) Elias, M.; Badstue, L.B.; Farnworth, C.; Prain, G.; van der Burg, M.; Petesch, P.; Elmhirst, R.; Bullock, R.; Feldman, S.; Jafry, T.; Netsayi Mudege; Umantseva, A.; Amare Tegbaru; Dina Najjar; Jummai Yila; Behailu, L.A.; Kawarazuka, N.; Kandiwa, V.; Kantor, P.; Luis, J.; Lopez, D.E.; Njuguna-Mungai, E.; Rietveld, A.M.
    “GENNOVATE: Enabling gender equality in agricultural and environmental innovation” is a collaborative study that represents an unprecedented initiative in the CGIAR in its scale and comprehensiveness for examining gender norms, agency, and capacities for innovations. A qualitative study, it brings to life the voices, challenges, and aspirations of local people differentiated by gender, socioeconomic class, and generation under diverse cultures, religions, ecological circumstances, and agricultural systems. The research design was developed collaboratively, and Principal Investigators (PIs) from nearly all CGIAR Research Programs (CRPs) contributed substantively to the study. GENNOVATE was initiated from the bottom up in 2013 among CGIAR and associated gender researchers, and was made possible through funding support from CGIAR Trust Fund Donors, the CRPs, the CGIAR Gender and Agricultural Research Network, the World Bank, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, and the governments of Germany and Mexico. One unique aspect of GENNOVATE is its ability to catalyze collaboration: It brought together a multidisciplinary team of researchers across the CRPs and enabled them to carry out a study that covers the many regions where the CGIAR is active. GENNOVATE researchers worked with 137 agricultural communities from 26 countries across the Global South. In this way, the initiative moved beyond the small, isolated studies which have characterized much gender case research towards real time comparisons across many qualitative cases. This has allowed for new patterns to emerge while maintaining emphasis on contextual specificity. The success of the study has rested considerably in its driving principles of systematic collaboration and learning.
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    Community typology framed by normative climate for agricultural innovation, empowerment, and poverty reduction
    (Journal of Gender, Agriculture and Food Security, 2018) Petesch, P.; Feldman, S.; Elias, M.; Badstue, L.B.; Najjar, D.; Rietveld, A.M.; Bullock, R.; Kawarazuka, N.; Luis, J.
    This paper employs the concepts of gender norms and agency to advance understanding of inclusive agricultural innovation processes and their contributions to empowerment and poverty reduction at the village level. We present a community typology informed by normative influences on how people assess conditions and trends for village women and men to make important decisions (or to exercise agency) and for local households to escape poverty. The typology is comprised of three village typestransforming, climbing and churning with each type depicting a different normative climate and trajectory of change in agency and poverty levels. Across “transforming” villages with significant increases in people’s agency and poverty reduction, we found a highly inclusive normative climate that is fueling gender equality and agricultural innovation, as well as infrastructural improvements, expanded markets, and male labor migration. The research, part of the GENNOVATE initiative, includes a qualitative comparative methodology and dataset of 79 village cases from 17 countries.
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    Gendered aspirations and occupations among rural youth, in agriculture and beyond: a cross-regional perspective
    (Journal of Gender, Agriculture and Food Security, 2018) Elias, M.; Netsayi Mudege; Lopez, D.E.; Najjar, D.; Kandiwa, V.; Luis, J.; Jummai Yila; Amare Tegbaru; Gaya Ibrahim; Badstue, L.B.; Njuguna-Mungai, E.; Abderahim Bentaibi
    Based on 25 case studies from the global comparative study ‘GENNOVATE: Enabling gender equality in agricultural and environmental innovation’, this paper explores rural young women’s and men’s occupational aspirations and trajectories in India, Mali, Malawi, Morocco, Mexico, Nigeria, and the Philippines. We draw upon qualitative data from 50 sex-segregated focus groups with the youth to show that across the study’s regional contexts, young rural women and men predominantly aspire for formal blue and white-collar jobs. Yet, they experience an aspiration- achievement gap, as the promise of their education for securing the formal employment they seek is unfulfilled, and they continue to farm in their family’s production. Whereas some young men aspired to engage in knowledge-intensive or ‘modern’ agriculture, young women did not express any such interest. Framing our analysis within a relational approach, we contend that various gender norms that discriminate against women in agriculture dissuade young women from aspiring for agriculture-related occupation. We discuss the gendered opportunity spaces of the study sites, the meanings these hold for allowing young women and men to achieve their aspirations and catalyze agricultural innovation, and implications for agricultural policies and research for development. Our findings show that youth and gender issues are inextricably intertwined and cannot be understood in isolation one from the other.
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    What drives capacity to innovate? Insights from women and men small-scale farmers in Africa, Asia, and Latin America
    (Journal of Gender, Agriculture and Food Security, 2018) Badstue, L.B.; Lopez, D.E.; Umantseva, A.; Williams, G.J.; Elias, M.; Farnworth, C.; Rietveld, A.M.; Njuguna-Mungai, E.; Luis, J.; Najjar, D.; Kandiwa, V.
    What are key characteristics of rural innovators? How are their experiences similar for women and men, and how are they different? To examine these questions, we draw on individual interviews with 336 rural women and men known in their communities for trying out new things in agriculture. The data form part of 84 GENNOVATE community case studies from 19 countries. Building on study participants’ own reflections and experiences with innovation in their agricultural livelihoods, we combine variable-oriented analysis and analysis of specific individuals’ lived experience. Results indicate that factors related to personality and agency are what most drive women’s and men’s capacity to innovate. Access to resources is not a prerequisite but rather an important enabling aspect. Different types of women have great potential for local innovation, but structural inequalities make men better positioned to access resources and leverage support. Men’s support is important when women challenge the status quo.
    Publication