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Kotu, B.H.

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Kotu
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B.H.
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Kotu, B.H.
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0000-0001-5788-6461

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2015 - 20192
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    Characterization of Ethiopian wheat germplasm for resistance to four Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici races facilitated by single-race nurseries
    (American Phytopathological Society (APS), 2019) Kotu, B.H.; Girma, B.; Tadesse, Z.; Edae, E.A.; Olivera Firpo, P.D.; Hailu, E.; Worku Denbel Bulbula; Abeyo Bekele Geleta; Badebo, A.; Cisar, G.; Brown-Guedira, G.; Gale, S.; Yue Jin; Rouse, M.N.
    In Ethiopia, breeding rust resistant wheat cultivars is a priority for wheat production. A stem rust epidemic during 2013 to 2014 on previously resistant cultivar Digalu highlighted the need to determine the effectiveness of wheat lines to multiple races of Puccinia graminisf. sp. tritici in Ethiopia. During 2014 and 2015, we evaluated a total of 97 bread wheat and 14 durum wheat genotypes against four P. graminis f. sp. tritici races at the seedling stage and in single-race field nurseries. Resistance genes were postulated using molecular marker assays. Bread wheat lines were resistant to race JRCQC, the race most virulent to durum wheat. Lines with stem rust resistance gene Sr24 possessed the most effective resistance to the four races. Only three lines with adult plant resistance possessed resistance effective to the four races comparable with cultivars with Sr24. Although responses of the wheat lines across races were positively correlated, wheat lines were identified that possessed adult plant resistance to race TTKSK but were relatively susceptible to race TKTTF. This study demonstrated the importance of testing wheat lines for response to multiple races of the stem rust pathogen to determine if lines possessed non-race-specific resistance.
    Publication
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    Keeping Ahead of the Rust Menace: Emerging Wheat Rust Early Warning Systems in Ethiopia
    (CIMMYT, [2018]) Allen, C.; Millington, S.; Thurston, W.; Hort, M.C.; Derso, E.; Seid, J.; Bacha, N.; Kotu, B.H.; Girma, B.; Nure, E.; Saunders, D.A.; Debebe, A.; Badebo, A.; Abeyo Bekele Geleta; Hodson, D.P.; Alemayehu, Y.; Gilligan, C.A.; Meyer, M.
    Publication
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    Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Race TKTTF of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici that caused a Wheat Stem Rust Epidemic in Southern Ethiopia in 2013–14
    (American Phytopathological Society (APS), 2015) Olivera Firpo, P.D.; Newcomb, M.; Szabo, L.J.; Rouse, M.N.; Johnson, J.W.; Gale, S.; Luster, D.G.; Hodson, D.P.; Cox, J.A.; Burgin, L.; Hort, M.C.; Gilligan, C.A.; Patpour, M.; Justesen, A.F.; Hovmoller, M.S.; Woldeab, G.; Hailu, E.; Kotu, B.H.; Tadesse, K.; Pumphrey, M.; Singh, R.P.; Yue Jin
    A severe stem rust epidemic occurred in southern Ethiopia during November 2013 to January 2014, with yield losses close to 100% on the most widely grown wheat cultivar, ‘Digalu’. Sixty-four stem rust samples collected from the regions were analyzed. A meteorological model for airborne spore dispersal was used to identify which regions were most likely to have been infected from postulated sites of initial infection. Based on the analyses of 106 single-pustule isolates derived from these samples, four races of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici were identified: TKTTF, TTKSK, RRTTF, and JRCQC. Race TKTTF was found to be the primary cause of the epidemic in the southeastern zones of Bale and Arsi. Isolates of race TKTTF were first identified in samples collected in early October 2013 from West Arsi. It was the sole or predominant race in 31 samples collected from Bale and Arsi zones after the stem rust epidemic was established. Race TTKSK was recovered from 15 samples from Bale and Arsi zones at low frequencies. Genotyping indicated that isolates of race TKTTF belongs to a genetic lineage that is different from the Ug99 race group and is composed of two distinct genetic types. Results from evaluation of selected germplasm indicated that some cultivars and breeding lines resistant to the Ug99 race group are susceptible to race TKTTF. Appearance of race TKTTF and the ensuing epidemic underlines the continuing threats and challenges posed by stem rust not only in East Africa but also to wider-scale wheat production.
    Publication