CIMMYT

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Browsing CIMMYT by Subject "2,4-D"

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    On-farm evaluation of alternative bread wheat production technologies in northwestern Ethiopia
    (African Crop Science Society, 1995) Asmare Yallew; Tanner, D.G.; Regassa Ensermu; Alemu, H.
    Wheat ( Triticum spp.) is a major crop grown in northwestern Ethiopia. The primary wheat production constraints in this area include low soil fertility, use of unimproved and disease-susceptible varieties, and high weed infestation. Technology packages, combining three nutrient levels (92-20, 41-20 and 0-0 kg N-P ha-1), the improved bread wheat cultivar (ET13), the local line (Israel), and two weed management methods (hand weeding and application of 2,4-D), were evaluated on farmers’ fields. Highly significant grain yield differences were observed among the treatments. The highest grain yield (2,991 kg ha-1) and the greatest benefit were obtained from application of 92-20 kg N-P ha-1 and 2,4-D herbicide on ET13. Adoption of the improved bread wheat cultivar was highly profitable regardless of fertilizer usage. The effect of fertilizer on grain yield and economic return was much greater than the effect of 2,4-D used alone for weed control.
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    Regeneración de maíces blancos subtropicales vía embriogénesis somática
    (Colegio de Postgraduados, 2007) Hernandez-Garcia, C.M.; Lopez-Peralta, C.; Buenrostro-Nava, M.T.; Cárdenas Soriano, E.; Pellegrineschi, A.
    Maize (Zea mays L.) is destined mainly for animal feed (yellow maizes) and in a smaller proportion for human consumption (white). The subtropical white maizes are important for humans. However, there are problems of regeneration, via somatic embryogenesis, that limit its genetic transformation. Therefore the objective of the present study was to evaluate somatic embryogenesis in nine lines of subtropical white maize. In the induction of somatic embryogenesis, 1, 2 and 5 mg L−1 of 2,4-D and Dicamba were evaluated. Lines 78, 395 and 444 produced 70.1 to 87.2% of embryogenic calluses, similar to the controls (67.2 to 74.7%). Lines 442 and 332 presented a mean induction rate of calluses of 48.4 to 60.6%, whereas 330, 202, 204 and 331 showed the lowest percentages (3.9 to 26.2%). Lines 330, 331 and the control 216×72 presented the highest percentages with Dicamba, whereas line 442 had its highest percentage with 2,4-D. The induction of the lines varies among doses. Line 395 regenerated 1.11 plants per callus, similar to the three controls (0.74-0.95 plants), while 442, 78 and 332 regenerated 0.67, 0.37 and 0.33. Rooted seedlings (92-99%) and acclimatization (95-100%) were obtained in lines 395, 442, 78 and 332. The number of fertile regenerated plants was 228, 187, 108 and 79 in lines 395, 442, 78 and 332. Four embryogenic lines of subtropical white maize (395, 442, 78 and 332) were identified with regeneration capacity of fertile plants in 17 weeks and with potential for being subjected to genetic transformation.
    Publication